Table 1.

Formic acid uniquely elevated in fecal samples of human newborns with NEC.

	Healthy control		NEC on-set		NEC recovery		p	p
(μmole/gram of stool)	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	NEC on-set vs. control	NEC on-set vs. recovery
Glycolic acid	1.542	0.464	1.370	0.128	2.704	2.124	0.287	0.185
Lactic acid	4.835	6.366	2.712	2.275	5.525	11.224	0.347	0.570
Formic acid	0.651	0.900	4.399	3.518	0.608	0.559	0.020**	0.019**
Acetic acid	7.917	3.491	9.413	3.463	9.003	1.975	0.378	0.785
Propionic acid	0.688	0.509	0.964	0.868	1.036	1.356	0.442	0.913
Isobutyric Acid	0.070	0.133	0.001	0.001	0.161	0.190	0.135	0.094
Butyric acid	0.204	0.132	2.089	5.494	0.570	0.765	0.364	0.464
Succinic acid	5.691	10.453	4.273	3.055	4.709	4.821	0.691	0.851
Valeric acid	0.105	0.127	0.136	0.242	0.037	0.010	0.746	0.286
indole-3-lactic acid	0.018	0.058	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.343	na
indole-3-acetic acid	0.055	0.054	0.019	0.003	0.032	0.025	0.066	0.249
indole-3-propionic acid	0.149	0.057	0.113	0.003	0.115	0.004	0.073	0.307
Hexanoic acid	0.353	0.100	1.160	1.939	0.344	0.064	0.277	0.273
indole-3-butyric acid	0.256	0.026	0.239	0.001	0.240	0.002	0.075	0.273
Pyruvic acid	0.771	0.393	0.714	0.564	0.608	0.311	0.815	0.660

^**p < 0.05, statistic significance.