Table 1.

Detailed design specifications for the PeriPath device

Category	Requirement	Value	Rationale
Size	Diameter	<1 cm	The 1 cm window is essential to deliver larger cardiac therapies to the heart
Mechanical	Angles	25 deg	Optimal surgical field of view prevents risk of ventricular punctures
Forces	Insertion	<1 N	Device insertion should not require excess force, demonstrating its ease of use
Forces	Deployment	<10 N	Device deployment should not require excess force, demonstrating its ease of use
Forces	Working channel drag forces	<2 N	Manipulation of instrumentation within the working channel should require minimal effort
Forces	Visualization channel drag forces	>2 N and <10 N	Endoscope insertion should not require excess force and should not dislodge during a procedure
Forces	Retention	>10 N	The device should not be easily dislodged when locked into the incision during a procedure
Forces	Torque	<0.01 N·m	The device should not fracture when twisted at a usable torque.
Operation	Mode of operation	Single User	One user should have the ability to hold the endoscope and manipulate instrumentation simultaneously