Table 4.
Patterns of communicable and non-communicable disease multimorbidity in LMICs.
| Author (year) | Statistical method | Multimorbidity patterns |
|---|---|---|
| *Chang et al. (2019) 22 | Descriptive analysis | Anemia + HIV (2.6%) |
| Hypertension + HIV (1.9%) | ||
| Hypertension +anemia + HIV (2.6%) | ||
| Dyslipidemia + anemia + HIV (2.0%) | ||
| Ahmadi et al. (2016) 26 | Descriptive analysis | Tuberculosis + gastro-esophageal reflux disease (7.3%) |
| Cardiovascular disease + tuberculosis (4.6%) | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease + tuberculosis (1.9%) | ||
| Pati et al. (2017) 24 | Descriptive analysis | Men group (dyad) |
| Acid peptic disease + arthritis (7.9%) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + hypertension (7.0%) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + chronic backache (6.6%) | ||
| Women group (dyad) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + hypertension (10.5%) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + arthritis (10.2%) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + chronic backache (8.1%) | ||
| Men group (triad) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + arthritis + chronic backache (3.6%) | ||
| Arthritis + acid peptic disease + hypertension (2.4%) | ||
| Acid peptic disease + hypertension + chronic backache (2.3%) | ||
| Women group (triad) | ||
| Arthritis + acid peptic disease + chronic backache (4.1%) | ||
| Arthritis + acid peptic disease + hypertension (3.1%) | ||
| Arthritis + hypertension + chronic backache (2.3%) | ||
| Oni et al. (2015) 6 | Descriptive analyses | Double morbidities |
| Hypertension + HIV (21.4%) | ||
| HIV + tuberculosis (6.2%) | ||
| HIV + type 2 diabetes mellitus (1.6%) | ||
| Triple morbidities | ||
| Hypertension + type 2 diabetes mellitus + HIV (63.0%) | ||
| Hypertension + tuberculosis + HIV (26.6%) | ||
| Hypertension + tuberculosis + type 2 diabetes mellitus (6.9%) |