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. 2022 Aug;11(8):1395–1403. doi: 10.21037/gs-22-412

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2022 Gland Surgery. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Results of preoperative and postoperative pathological biopsies. (A) Preoperative pathological biopsy revealed 115 patients (58.08%) with cancerous and 83 patients (41.92%) with non-cancerous lesions. (B) Postoperative pathological biopsy results of 83 patients preoperatively diagnosed with non-cancerous lesions: 81 (97.59%) with cancer and 2 (2.41%) with benign lesions. (C) Postoperative pathological results of the 76 patients preoperatively diagnosed with dysplasia: 74 (97.37%) had cancer and 2 (2.63%) had benign lesions. (D) Postoperative pathological results of the 7 patients preoperatively diagnosed with inflammation: all (100%) had cancer.