TABLE 3.

Flavonoids with anti-hepatic fibrosis effect.

No.	Compounds	Source	Molecular formula	Mechanisms	Refs
13	Anthocyanins	Vaccinium corymbosum L.	C15H11O6	Regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and activation of HSCs	Sun et al. (2018)
14	Apigenin	Apium graveolens L.	C15H10O5	VEGF-mediated FAK phosphorylation through multiple pathways	Qiao et al. (2020)
15	Baicalein	Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi	C15H10O5	Downregulating PDGF-β receptor; inhibiting the activation and proliferation of HSC	Sun et al. (2010)
16	Baicalin	Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi	C21H18O11	Activating PPARγ and inhibiting TGF-β1	Qiao et al. (2011)
17	Breviscapine	Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand. -Mazz.	C21H18O12	Inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis	Yu Liu et al. (2018), Lan et al. (2022)
18	Chrysin	Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Kurz	C15H10O4	Inhibiting HSCs activation and proliferation through TGF-β1/Smad pathway	Balta et al. (2015)
19	Diosmin	Citrus aurantium L.	C28H32O15	Boosting PPAR-γ expression and hampering miR-17-5p-activated canonical Wnt-β-catenin signaling	Hasan et al. (2017)
20	Epigallocatechin-3-gallate	Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willci.	C22H18O11	Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/Smad pathway	Yu et al. (2015)
21	Genistein	Genista tinctoria Linn.	C15H10O5	Blocking the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway	Ganai and Husain, (2017)
22	Hesperetin	Citrus reticulata L.	C16H14O6	Inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad pathway	Kong et al. (2018)
23	Hesperidin	Citrus reticulata L.	C28H34O15	Decreasing the expression of NF-κB, TGF-β and connective tissue growth factor	Pérez-Vargas et al. (2014)
24	Hyperoside	Hypericum perforatum L.	C21H20O12	Activating Nrf2 nuclear translocation	Zou et al. (2017)
25	Icaritin	Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.	C21H20O6	Inducing activated HSCs death	Li et al. (2011)
26	Luteolin	Reseda odorata L.	C15H10O6	Inhibiting AKT/mTOR/p70S6K and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway	Li et al. (2015)
27	Morin	Cudrania cochin chinensis (Lour.) Kudo et Masam.	C15H10O7	Enhancing hepatic Nrf2 expression	Sang et al. (2017)
28	Myricetin	Myrica rubra (Lour.) S. et Zucc.	C15H10O8	Inhibiting HSCs activation	Geng et al. (2017)
29	Naringenin	Anacardium occidentalie Linn.	C15H12O5	Inhibiting NF-κB, TGF-β-Smad3 and JNK-Smad3 signaling pathways	Hernández-Aquino et al. (2017)
30	Nobiletin	Citrus nobilis Lour.	C21H22O8	Reducing inflammation	Hernández-Aquino et al. (2017)
31	Oroxylin A	Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Kurz.	C16H12O5	Activating autophagy	Chen et al. (2018)
32	Proanthocyanidin	Vitis vinifera L.	C30H26O13	Anti-lipid peroxidation	Li et al. (2012)
33	Puerarin	Pueraria montanavar. lobata (Willd.) Sanjappa & Pradeep	C21H20O10	Inhibiting PARP-1 and subsequent attenuating NF-κB, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction	Wang et al. (2016)
34	Quercetin	Sophora flavescens Ait.	C15H10O7	Reducing inflammation; Regulating NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathway	Rong Wang et al. (2017)
35	Silybin	Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.	C25H22O10	Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity	Trappoliere et al. (2009)
36	Wogonoside	Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.	C22H20O11	Reducing inflammation	Qichao Wang et al. (2015)