Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and features of TMD at baseline (T0)
| Active-A (n = 64) | Collaborate-A (n = 14) | Passive-A (n = 53) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 33.4 ± 13.1 | 38.6 ± 14.4 | 42.8 ± 15.1 | 0.002* |
| Sex (male/female) † | 6/58 | 0/14 | 9/44 | 0.159 |
| BMI | 21.1 ± 2.9 | 21.2 ± 3.5 | 21.9 ± 2.8 | 0.334 |
| Education level (elementary/middle school/high school/university) | 0/6/17/41 | 0/0/3/11 | 3/0/22/28 | 0.023* |
| TMD onset (months) | 21.2 ± 31.3 | 38.2 ± 67.3 | 26.6 ± 47.5 | 0.395 |
| Classification based on DC/TMD criteria | ||||
|
Myalgia/MFP/Arthralgia /Myalgia + Arthralgia /Myofascial pain + Arthraltia† |
16/6/11/13/10/8 | 4/2/2/3/2/1 | 13/4/3/12/9/12 | 0.762 |
| Headache attributed to TMD (yes/no) † | 49/9 | 9/3 | 45/8 | 0.687 |
|
Normal disc /DD with reduction /DD with reduction with intermittent locking /DD w/o reduction with limited opening /DD w/o reduction without limited opening /subluxation†‡ |
28/36/22/16/26/0 | 4/9/1/6/7/1 | 29/27/9/12/22/7 | 0.054 |
| Amount of pain free opening (mm) | 42.6 ± 8.1 | 42.4 ± 8.9 | 42.0 ± 8.5 | 0.941 |
| Amount of maximum unassisted opening (mm) | 45.2 ± 6.3 | 45.1 ± 7.3 | 44.1 ± 6.7 | 0.630 |
| Number of active TrPs in masticatory muscles | 0.75 ± 1.32 | 1.30 ± 1.83 | 0.43 ± 0.97 | 0.060 |
| Number of latent TrPs in masticatory muscles | 0.69 ± 1.08 | 0.79 ± 0.97 | 0.66 ± 0.62 | 0.066 |
| GCPS† | 3 (1–3) | 2 (1–3.25) | 1 (1–3) | 0.180 |
| VAS | 4.70 ± 2.31 | 4.64 ± 1.98 | 3.68 ± 2.68 | 0.092 |
Descriptive values are shown as mean ± SD or median (25–75th percentile)†
Data obtained from one-way ANOVA
BMI Body mass index; TMD Temporomandibular disorders; GCPS Graded chronic pain scale, TrP Trigger points; VAS Visual analog scale
†Data obtained from chi square test
‡The diagnosis of intra-articular TMD was conducted separately in both side of the TMJs
*P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA and Chi square test