Table 2.
Proportions of antibiotic resistance and combined antibiotic resistance for Escherichia coli obtained from urine samples of healthy pregnant women compared to clinical samples from febrile patients
| Resistance per antibiotic | Healthy pregnant women | Febrile patients |
|---|---|---|
| Urine culture (n = 155) | Urine culture (n = 3) blood culture (n = 45) | |
| n (%) | n = 48 (%) | |
| Nitrofurantoin | 6 (3.9%) | Not done |
| Fosfomycin | 0 (0%) | Not done |
| Ampicillin | 102 (65.8%) | 43 (89.6%) |
| Cotrimoxazole | 97 (64.4%) | 43 (89.6%) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 25 (16.2%) | 30 (62.5%) |
| Gentamicin | 6 (3.9%) | 11 (22.9%) |
| Ceftriaxone | 5 (3.2%) | 18 (37.5%) |
| ESBL producers | 5 (3.2%) | 17 (35.4%) |
| Combined resistance | n (%) | n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Ampicillin + cotrimoxazole | 80 (51.6%) | 41 (85.4%) |
| Ampicillin + cotrimoxazole + ciprofloxacin | 8 (5.2%) | 29 (60.4%) |
| Ampicillin + cotrimoxazole + gentamicin | 3 (1.9%) | 11 (22.9%) |
| Ampicillin + cotrimoxazole + ciprofloxacin + gentamicin | 2 (1.3%) | 11 (22.9%) |
| ESBL + cotrimoxazole | 2 (1.3%) | 17 (35.4%) |
| ESBL + cotrimoxazole + ciprofloxacin | 2 (1.3%) | 16 (33.3%) |
| ESBL + cotrimoxazole + gentamicin | 1 (0.6%) | 7 (14.5%) |
| ESBL + cotrimoxazole + ciprofloxacin + gentamicin | 1 (0.6%) | 7 (14.5%) |
Differences in proportions of clinical and urine isolates were assessed using chi-square test. For smaller sample sizes (value in one of the cells ≤ 5), the Fischer exact test was used. All differences between isolates obtained from healthy pregnant women and febrile patients were statistically significant (p < 0.001)
There was no statistical difference in resistance patterns between isolates growing in counts of 104 CFU/ml and 105 CFU/ml