M	SD	Range, coding	Scale Items	Scale α
Lifetime substance use frequency
Alcohol	0.58	1.03	0–6a
Cigarettes	0.17	0.68	0–6a
Marijuana	0.05	0.41	0–6a
Other hard drugs	0.02	0.25	0–6a
Inhalants	0.12	0.62	0–6a
Violence and risk behaviors
Perpetrate criminal violence: attack another with knife, attack with pistol, threaten with knife, threaten with pistol, commit robbery	0.09	0.41	0–4b	5	0.89
Perpetrate bullying: hit, beat, push, hurt, or verbally abuse another	0.62	0.90	0–4b	5	0.88
Cheat on school exams	0.20	0.62	0–4c
Do something dangerous on a dare	0.47	0.92	0–4c
Suspended from school	0.14	0.56	0–4c
Substance use exposure
Access to substances: How easy to get alcohol, cigarettes, & marijuana	1.72	0.86	1–4d	3	0.87
Substance offers: Frequency offered alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and other drugs in the past year Peer influence	0.15	0.45	0–4e	4	0.83
Peer substance use: Proportion of school peers using alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana	1.37	1.15	0–5f	3	0.91
Friends’ substance use: Proportion of “best friends” using alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana	0.46	0.78	0–5f	3	0.85
Negative peer influence: would give in to peer pressure to smoke cigarettes, skip class, go out with friends instead of studying for exams, drink alcohol at a party, vandalize a library book, hang out with others who get in trouble (Yes/No)	0.38	0.89	0–6g	6	NA
Pro-drug attitudes
Positive substance use expectancies: substance use helps you deal with problems, relax, be happy, be creative, be part of a group, be less nervous, have fun at parties, know its effects	1.72	0.81	1–4h	8	0.93

Response categories:

^aNever/Once/2–3 times/4–9/10–19/20–39/40+ times.

^bNever/Once/Twice/3 times/4+ times.

^cNever/Once/2–3 times/4–9 times/10+ times.

^dVery difficult/Somewhat difficult/Somewhat easy/Very easy.

^eNever/Once/2–3 times/4–9 times/10+ times.

^fNone/Almost none/Some/Half/Almost all/All.

^gCount of number of items responding yes.

^hStrongly disagree/Disagree/Agree/Strongly agree.