Table 2.
Incidence and hazard ratio of incident lung cancer in participants with bronchiectasis versus those without bronchiectasis stratified by age group and sex
| Number of Participants | Number of Lung Cancer | IR (/1,000 PY) | IRR* (95% Confidence Interval) | Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||
| Overall | ||||||||
| No bronchiectasis | 3,793,117 | 23,115 | 0.742 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Bronchiectasis | 65,305 | 1,092 | 2.099 | 1.24 (1.16–1.32) | 2.83 (2.66–3.01) | 1.37 (1.28–1.45) | 1.24 (1.17–1.32) | 1.22 (1.14–1.30) |
| Age < 60 yr | ||||||||
| No bronchiectasis | 3,019,622 | 7,825 | 0.313 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Bronchiectasis | 34,260 | 168 | 0.593 | 1.04 (0.89–1.21) | 1.90 (1.63–2.21) | 1.16 (0.99–1.36) | 1.04 (0.89–1.21) | 1.04 (0.89–1.21) |
| Age ⩾ 60 yr | ||||||||
| No bronchiectasis | 773,495 | 15,290 | 2.492 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Bronchiectasis | 31,045 | 924 | 3.894 | 1.30 (1.23–1.39) | 1.57 (1.47–1.67) | 1.42 (1.33–1.52) | 1.30 (1.22–1.40) | 1.30 (1.22–1.39) |
| P for interaction | 0.90 | 0.03 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.59 | |||
| Male | ||||||||
| No bronchiectasis | 2,063,825 | 16,603 | 0.984 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Bronchiectasis | 31,840 | 802 | 3.230 | 1.23 (1.14–1.32) | 3.29 (3.06–3.53) | 1.34 (1.25–1.44) | 1.23 (1.14–1.32) | 1.20 (1.11–1.29) |
| Female | ||||||||
| No bronchiectasis | 1,729,292 | 6,512 | 0.456 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Bronchiectasis | 33,465 | 290 | 1.066 | 1.25 (1.12–1.41) | 2.34 (2.08–2.63) | 1.39 (1.23–1.56) | 1.25 (1.11–1.41) | 1.25 (1.11–1.41) |
| P for interaction | 0.020 | <0.001 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.06 | |||
Definition of abbreviations: IR = incidence rate; IRR = incidence rate ratio; PY = person-years.
Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking history (never-smoker, ever-smoker with <10 pack-years, ever-smoker with 10–19 pack-years, and ever-smoker with ⩾20 pack-years), alcohol consumption (none, mild, or heavy), income level (low or high), physical activity (regular or nonregular), and Charlson Comorbidity Index (0, 1, or ⩾2); model 2 was further adjusted for the number of chest computed tomography scans performed; and model 3 additionally considered mortality as a competing risk.
Variables in model 3 were adjusted.