TABLE 1. Personal and Professional Characteristics of Participants (N = 1,299).
All Participants, N (%) N = 1,269 |
CEOs, N (%) N = 279 |
|
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Female | 595 (47.1) | 82 (29.5) |
Male | 666 (52.8) | 196 (70.5) |
Other | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) |
Missing | 7 | 1 |
Age in years | ||
<30 | 15 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) |
30–39 | 237 (18.7) | 27 (9.7) |
40–49 | 407 (32.1) | 69 (24.7) |
50–59 | 473 (37.3) | 132 (47.3) |
≥60 | 137 (10.8) | 51 (18.3) |
Missing | 0 | 0 |
Relationship status | ||
Single | 142 (12.1) | 15 (5.7) |
Married | 959 (82.0) | 236 (89.7) |
Partnered | 59 (5.0) | 10 (3.8) |
Widow, widower | 9 (0.8) | 2 (0.8) |
Missing | 100 | 16 |
Children | ||
Yes | 937 (80.2) | 241 (91.6) |
No | 231 (19.8) | 22 (8.4) |
Missing | 101 | 16 |
Age of youngest child (of those with children) in years | ||
<5 | 135 (14.4) | 26 (10.8) |
5–12 | 217 (23.2) | 42 (17.4) |
13–18 | 221 (23.6) | 59 (24.5) |
19–22 | 126 (13.5) | 43 (17.8) |
≥23 | 236 (25.2) | 71 (29.5) |
Missing | 334 | 38 |
Position | ||
CEO | 279 (22.0) | 279 (100) |
COO | 108 (8.5) | – |
CFO | 18 (1.4) | – |
CIO | 10 (0.8) | – |
CMO | 25 (2.0) | – |
CNO | 41 (3.2) | – |
CQO | 1 (0.1) | – |
CHRO | 3 (0.2) | – |
CSO | 4 (0.3) | – |
Other C-suite role | 14 (1.1) | |
Senior vice president | 47 (3.7) | – |
Vice president | 222 (17.5) | – |
Department head, director | 367 (28.9) | – |
Manager | 126 (9.9) | – |
Other | 4 (0.3) | – |
Hours worked per week | ||
Median (IQR) | 55 (50, 60) | 55 (50, 60) |
<40 | 12 (1.2) | 3 (1.4) |
40–49.9 | 180 (18.1) | 20 (9.5) |
50–59.9 | 454 (45.8) | 95 (45.2) |
60–69.9 | 281 (28.3) | 75 (35.7) |
70–79.9 | 43 (4.3) | 14 (6.7) |
≥80 | 22 (2.2) | 3 (1.4) |
Missing | 277 | 69 |
Degreesa | ||
Master of business administration | 461 (39.1) | 107 (40.5) |
Master of health administration | 525 (44.6) | 148 (56.1) |
Doctor of medicine or osteopathy | 77 (6.5) | 10 (3.8) |
Nursing degree (baccalaureate or higher) | 191 (16.2) | 23 (8.7) |
PhD or equivalent | 85 (7.2) | 18 (6.8) |
Other clinical degree (e.g., pharmacy, radiology) | 153 (13.0) | 26 (9.8) |
None of the above | 60 (5.1) | 12 (4.5) |
Work setting | ||
Academic medical center | 184 (14.6) | 9 (3.2) |
Independent hospital, medical center | 232 (18.4) | 78 (28.1) |
Member hospital of a nonfederal hospital system | 388 (30.7) | 96 (34.5) |
Member hospital of a federal hospital system—military, VA, IHS | 91 (7.2) | 13 (4.7) |
Corporate or regional headquarters of a healthcare system | 172 (13.6) | 20 (7.2) |
Ambulatory care facility, group practice | 95 (7.5) | 30 (10.8) |
Managed care, HMO, PPO | 8 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) |
Postacute, chronic care | 36 (2.8) | 19 (6.8) |
Public health, community health, mental health agency | 35 (2.8) | 10 (3.6) |
Military—nonhospital, clinic setting | 15 (1.2) | 10 (3.6) |
Hospital—unspecified | 5 (0.4) | 19 (6.8) |
Other | 3 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) |
Missing | 5 | 1 |
Note. HMO = health maintenance organization; IHS = Indian Health Service; IQR = interquartile range; PPO = preferred provider organization; VA = Veterans Administration.
aParticipants indicated degrees in multiple categories, so total adds to >100%.