Table 3.
Symptoms and clinical signs in malaria
| Symptom or clinical finding | Severe P. falciparum malaria | Non-complicated P. falciparum malaria | Other malaria | Total | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
| Headache | 17/31 | 54.8 | 78/121 | 64.5 | 27/46 | 58.7 | 122 | 61.6 | 0.554 |
| Muscle pain | 13/31 | 41.9 | 47/121 | 38.8 | 16/46 | 34.8 | 76 | 38.4 | 0.807 |
| Joint pain | 12/31 | 38.7 | 41/121 | 33.9 | 19/46 | 41.3 | 72 | 36.4 | 0.644 |
| Abdominal pain | 8/31 | 25.8 | 17/121 | 14.0 | 7/46 | 15.2 | 32 | 16.2 | 0.279 |
| Vomiting | 19/31 | 61.3 | 31/121 | 25.6 | 10/46 | 21.7 | 60 | 30.3 | < 0.001 |
| Diarrhoea | 19/31 | 61.3 | 36/121 | 29.8 | 6/46 | 13.0 | 61 | 30.8 | < 0.001 |
| Hypotension (< 90/60 mmHg) | 7/31 | 22.6 | 10/121 | 8.3 | 1/46 | 2.2 | 18 | 9.1 | 0.008 |
| Tachycardia (> 100 beats/min) | 22/31 | 71.0 | 40/121 | 33.1 | 9/46 | 19.6 | 71 | 35.9 | < 0.001 |
| Tachypnoea (> 20 breaths/min) | 10/31 | 32.3 | 8/121 | 6.6 | 0/46 | 0.0 | 18 | 9.1 | < 0.001 |
| Prostration | 19/31 | 61.3 | 40/121 | 33.1 | 2/46 | 4.3 | 61 | 30.8 | < 0.001 |
| Dehydration | 17/31 | 54.8 | 37/121 | 30.6 | 6/46 | 13.0 | 60 | 30.3 | < 0.001 |
| Jaundice | 13/31 | 41.9 | 15/121 | 12.4 | 4/46 | 8.7 | 32 | 16.2 | < 0.001 |
| Hepatomegaly | 13/31 | 41.9 | 18/121 | 14.9 | 5/46 | 10.9 | 36 | 18.2 | < 0.001 |
| Splenomegaly | 5/31 | 16.1 | 11/121 | 9.1 | 5/46 | 10.9 | 21 | 10.6 | 0.524 |
| Total | 31/32 | 96.9 | 121/122 | 99.2 | 46/49 | 93.9 | 198/203 | 97.5 | |