ECoG enables high-resolution recording of neural activity in the nonprimary auditory cortex. (a) This panel illustrates the anatomical boundary of the STG. The color gradient represents the functionally differentiated posterior and middle regions of the STG (Ozker et al. 2017, Yi et al. 2019, Hamilton et al. 2020). (b) Example sentences from the TIMIT corpus are shown at the top, where time from the most recent sentence onset is marked (Garofolo et al. 1993). Single electrode activity is aligned to the onset of speech and averaged across all corpus sentences. The cortical responses to the speech stimulus across the STG reveal a wide array of response profiles, even between responses recorded 4–8 millimeters apart (showing slow sustained cortical response for the electrode labeled E1 and rapid response to sentence onset for the electrode labeled E2). Abbreviations: ECoG, electrocorticogram; mSTG, middle superior temporal gyrus; pSTG, posterior superior temporal gyrus; STG, superior temporal gyrus.