Figure 6. CBL alleviates neuroinflammation in TBI patients. CBL significantly reduced TBI patients’ serum (a)TNF-α, (b) interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels at 72 h after TBI (n = 10, P < 0.01, analysis of variance; means ± SDs).

CBL: cerebrolysin; TBI: traumatic brain injury; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL: interleukin; SD: standard deviation.