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. 2022 Aug 30;50(4):128. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5184

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Copyright: © Huang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Cell cycle-specific mechanisms for the resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors. CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; RB, retinoblastoma protein; CHK1, checkpoint kinase 1; HDAC, histone deacetylases; HDACi, histone deacetylases inhibitor; INK4, inhibitor of CDK4; WEE1, WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase; FZR1, fizzy and cell division cycle 20-related 1; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A; MDM2, mouse double minute 2 homolog; ER, estrogen receptor; CIP/KIP, CDK interaction protein/kinase inhibitor protein; P, phosphate; CDK4/6i, CDK4/6 inhibitor; miR/miRNA, microRNA; APC/C, anaphase-promoting complex.