Table 6.
Pharmacodynamic parameters of INS in a diabetic rat model following oral administration of INS (50 IU/kg), INS-SOS (50 IU/kg), the optimized SMEDDS at 50 IU/kg (SMEDDS-50IU), the optimized SMEDDS at 100 IU/kg (SMEDDS-100IU), and SC injection of INS solution (5 IU/kg).
| Parameter | INS (SC) | INS (oral) | INS–SOS | SMEDDS-50IU | SMEDDS-100IU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose (IU/kg) | 5 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 100 |
| AAC0–8h (%·h) | 439.29 ± 30.00 | –44.47 ± 38.33 | –23.84 ± 33.05 | 141.73 ± 50.67 | 187.07 ± 51.60 |
| BGLmin (%) | 22.78 ± 1.92 | 97.92 ± 1.23 | 93.60 ± 3.17 | 44.90 ± 6.39 | 34.67 ± 10.01 |
| Tmin (h) | 3.20 ± 0.84 | 2.75 ± 0.25 | 1.08 ± 0.74 | 1.50 ± 0.35 | 1.40 ± 0.22 |
| PA (%) | – | –1.01 | –0.54 | 3.23 | 2.13 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 5–7). INS, insulin; SMEDDS, self-microemulsifying drug delivery system; SC, subcutaneous; AAC0–8h: area above the blood glucose level curve (% of initial) during 0–8 h; BGLmin: minimum blood glucose level (% of initial levels); Tmin: time to reach BGLmin; and PA: relative pharmacological availability versus SC injection of INS.