Table 2.

Basic regression analysis.

Public services	Model	DI		DO		Fixed effects	Time effect	Control variables	N	R 2
Public education	1	−4.029	(2.268)	0.153	(1.325)	√	×	×	155	0.049
	2	−5.055	(0.569)	−1.195	(1.387)	√	√	×	155	0.103
	3	−5.348	(2.446)	−0.352	(1.396)	√	×	√	154	0.069
	4	−5.987	(2.568)	−0.935	(1.558)	√	√	√	154	0.129
Social security	5	−1.921	(1.281)	−0.093	(0.265)	√	×	×	155	0.061
	6	−1.202	(1.178)	0.510	(0.389)	√	√	×	155	0.151
	7	−0.857	(0.935)	1.754	(0.558)	√	×	√	154	0.269
	8	−0.635	(0.976)	1.727	(0.597)	√	√	√	154	0.289
Health care	9	7.267	(3.825)	0.907	(0.955)	√	×	×	155	0.051
	10	5.854	(3.789)	−2.062	(1.263)	√	√	×	155	0.188
	11	6.395	(4.223)	−1.358	(1.989)	√	×	√	154	0.071
	12	6.236	(3.512)	−1.598	(1.539)	√	√	√	154	0.223
Housing	13	485.002	(386.698)	1694.899	(230.699)	√	×	×	155	0.739
	14	101.899	(435.698)	1357.400	(268.000)	√	√	×	155	0.798
	15	62.001	(435.199)	555.200	(286.000)	√	×	√	154	0.855
	16	25.031	(424.899)	599.100	(283.000)	√	√	√	154	0.859
Public culture	17	0.212	(0.285)	0.868	(0.145)	√	×	×	155	0.738
	18	−0.115	(0.283)	0.539	(0.142)	√	√	×	155	0.798
	19	0.035	(0.302)	0.435	(0.161)	√	×	√	154	0.855
	20	−0.062	(0.289)	0.469	(0.129)	√	√	√	154	0.865
Social services	21	−4.359	(19.798)	8.779	(10.188)	√	×	×	155	0.659
	22	6.987	(25.268)	9.899	(13.872)	√	√	×	155	0.789
	23	−25.599	(18.982)	23.835	(12.599)	√	×	√	154	0.755
	24	−16.029	(19.525)	15.001	(14.232)	√	√	√	154	0.132