TABLE 3.
Effect of nitrogen fertilization level on the distribution of 13C-photosynthates among tissues of two maize hybrids at silking and maturity stages in 2015 and 2016.
| Year | Growth stages | Genotype | N level |
13C-photosynthates distribution in different tissues of maize (%) |
||||||
| Stem | Ear leaf | Other leaf | Sheath | Husk leaf | Grain | Cob | ||||
| 2015 | Silking | XY335 | N0 | 37.0 ± 1.05c | 2.7 ± 0.20c | 35.1 ± 1.39ab | 20.6 ± 0.54a | 4.5 ± 0.40bc | – | – |
| N150 | 40.5 ± 0.42b | 2.9 ± 0.16c | 33.5 ± 1.01b | 17.4 ± 1.22c | 5.6 ± 0.20a | – | – | |||
| N300 | 43.3 ± 0.48a | 3.5 ± 0.21ab | 31.4 ± 1.10c | 16.5 ± 0.46cd | 5.3 ± 0.51ab | – | – | |||
| ZD958 | N0 | 36.6 ± 1.33c | 3.1 ± 0.27bc | 36.4 ± 0.90a | 19.3 ± 0.37b | 4.6 ± 0.22bc | – | – | ||
| N150 | 41.5 ± 1.21b | 3.6 ± 0.16a | 33.7 ± 0.01b | 16.9 ± 0.66cd | 4.4 ± 0.38c | – | – | |||
| N300 | 44.4 ± 0.51a | 3.3 ± 0.14bc | 30.8 ± 0.47c | 15.8 ± 0.76d | 5.7 ± 0.42a | – | – | |||
| Maturity | XY335 | N0 | 17.9 ± 0.07c | 1.3 ± 0.13a | 14.0 ± 0.48b | 7.1 ± 0.67b | 6.4 ± 0.38a | 45.5 ± 0.39d | 7.5 ± 0.60a | |
| N150 | 18.7 ± 0.35b | 0.9 ± 0.16ab | 10.5 ± 0.28c | 6.6 ± 0.47bc | 6.5 ± 0.17a | 51.9 ± 0.42c | 5.1 ± 0.28bc | |||
| N300 | 18.7 ± 0.59b | 0.9 ± 0.02ab | 8.6 ± 0.21d | 6.0 ± 0.43c | 6.6 ± 0.08a | 54.9 ± 0.37a | 4.6 ± 0.22c | |||
| ZD958 | N0 | 16.3 ± 0.19d | 1.2 ± 0.10a | 15.3 ± 0.98a | 9.7 ± 0.35a | 5.5 ± 0.24ab | 45.0 ± 0.52d | 6.9 ± 0.97a | ||
| N150 | 18.5 ± 0.34b | 0.9 ± 0.12ab | 12.4 ± 0.58c | 6.1 ± 0.61c | 5.5 ± 0.46ab | 50.8 ± 0.49c | 5.8 ± 0.23b | |||
| N300 | 19.5 ± 0.47a | 0.8 ± 0.02b | 10.4 ± 0.52c | 6.0 ± 0.53c | 4.9 ± 0.25b | 53.3 ± 1.18b | 5.2 ± 0.14bc | |||
| 2016 | Silking | XY335 | N0 | 36.1 ± 1.47c | 3.8 ± 0.20a | 33.3 ± 1.85a | 23.8 ± 0.53a | 3.0 ± 0.16c | – | – |
| N150 | 43.2 ± 0.69b | 3.2 ± 0.13c | 29.9 ± 0.68bc | 18.5 ± 0.69bc | 5.2 ± 0.52a | – | – | |||
| N300 | 46.2 ± 1.96a | 3.5 ± 0.16ab | 28.0 ± 2.63bc | 16.9 ± 1.11c | 5.4 ± 0.46a | – | – | |||
| ZD958 | N0 | 35.7 ± 0.97c | 3.2 ± 0.17c | 34.2 ± 2.27a | 22.6 ± 1.15a | 4.3 ± 0.69b | – | – | ||
| N150 | 42.6 ± 0.94b | 3.4 ± 0.19bc | 29.0 ± 0.73bc | 19.8 ± 1.02b | 5.2 ± 0.15a | – | – | |||
| N300 | 47.3 ± 1.58a | 3.3 ± 0.11bc | 26.2 ± 1.64c | 18.1 ± 0.53c | 5.1 ± 0.31a | – | – | |||
| Maturity | XY335 | N0 | 18.6 ± 0.78b | 1.9 ± 0.11ab | 11.9 ± 0.29b | 11.2 ± 0.33a | 4.5 ± 0.53a | 44.2 ± 0.44d | 7.7 ± 0.07a | |
| N150 | 18.1 ± 0.54bc | 1.4 ± 0.02b | 9.6 ± 0.19c | 7.3 ± 0.24cd | 4.6 ± 0.32a | 52.4 ± 0.65b | 6.6 ± 0.12b | |||
| N300 | 19.1 ± 0.70b | 1.6 ± 0.02b | 6.9 ± 0.23d | 6.1 ± 0.22e | 3.9 ± 0.05b | 56.6 ± 0.68a | 5.9 ± 0.37bc | |||
| ZD958 | N0 | 17.1 ± 0.80c | 2.0 ± 0.57a | 13.2 ± 0.18a | 11.9 ± 0.63a | 3.4 ± 0.44b | 46.0 ± 0.99c | 6.4 ± 0.77b | ||
| N150 | 18.2 ± 0.74bc | 1.7 ± 0.06ab | 11.8 ± 0.43b | 7.7 ± 0.85bc | 3.7 ± 0.32b | 51.0 ± 0.92b | 5.9 ± 0.23bc | |||
| N300 | 20.3 ± 0.18a | 1.5 ± 0.11b | 9.3 ± 0.28c | 6.5 ± 0.52de | 2.1 ± 0.08c | 55.1 ± 0.54a | 5.2 ± 0.22c | |||
| ANOVA | Year (Y) | NS | NS | NS | NS | *** | *** | ** | ||
| Nitrogen (N) | * | * | *** | *** | *** | *** | * | |||
| Genotype (G) | NS | NS | NS | * | NS | ** | *** | |||
| N × G | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | * | |||
| Y × N × G | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | ** | |||
N0, N150, and N300 indicate 0, 150, and 300 kg ha–1 N applied, respectively.
Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences between treatments at a 5% level for each growth stage.
*, **, and ** indicate different significance at 5, 1, and 0.1% level, respectively.
NS, no significance; –, no data for use.