Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of SLE patients.

	Active renal SLE(N=12)	Active non-renal SLE (N=12)	Inactive SLE(N=12)	*P-value
Mean ± SEM; Median (IQR); N (%)
Age, years	41.1 ± 17.8	37.4 ± 16.8	48.9 ± 16.2	0.25
Females	12 (100)	11(91.7)	11(91.7)	0.59
SLE duration, years	3.8 ± 6.0	3.2 ± 5.0	11.1 ± 5.6	0.003
Clinical disease activity
Neuropsychiatric	3 (25)	1 (8.3)	0 (0)	0.14
Musculoskeletal	6 (50)	7 (58.3)	0 (0)	0.006
Renal	12 (100)	0 (0)	0 (0)	<0.001
Mucocutaneous	2 (16.7)	9 (75)	0 (0)	0.004
Serositis	2 (16.7)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	0.33
Hematological	3 (25)	10 (83.3)	0 (0)	0.001
Laboratory assessment
Anti-dsDNA titer	208.4 ± 30.02	186.3 ± 33.03	125.8 ± 31.08	0.228
Anti-Sm positive	3 (25)	4 (33.3)	3 (25)	0.934
Anti-Ro positive	3 (25)	6 (50)	2 (16.7)	0.097
Anti-La positive	4 (33.3)	5 (41.7)	5 (41.7)	0.978
Complement C3 (mg/dl)	60.7 ± 4.6	65.4 ± 3.5	98.4 ± 3.8	< 0.001
urine PCR, mg/mg	3.44 ± 0.77	0.12 ± 0.08	0.11 ± 0.09	< 0.001
SLEDAI Score	19.1 ± 9.8	11.2 ± 3.9	2.7 ± 1.1	<0.001
- Renal SLEDAI score†	8(4-16)	0	0	<0.001
PGA score	2.2 ± 0.2	1.8 ± 0.3	0.3 ± 0.2	<0.001
SLICC damage score	1.5 ± 1.4	1.1 ± 1.4	0.7 ± 0.5	0.48
Medications
Prednisolone	10 (83.3)	10 (83.3)	6 (50)	0.25
Prednisolone dose	40 ± 21.9	17.8 ± 7.7	5 ± 2.2	<0.001
Hydroxychloroquine	8 (66.7)	10 (83.3)	7 (58.3)	0.54
Azathioprine	6 (50)	8 (66.7)	5 (41.7)	0.62
Cyclophosphamide	2 (16.7)	1 (8.3)	0 (0)	0.39
Mycophenolate mofetil	7 (58.3)	2 (16.7)	1 (8.3)	0.02
Cyclosporin A	1 (8.3)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	0.39
Tacrolimus	4 (33.3)	1 (8.3)	1 (8.3)	0.21

IQR, Interquartile range; PCR, Protein: Creatinine ratio; PGA, physicians’ global assessment; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SEM, standard error of mean; SLEDAI, SLE disease activity index; SLICC, SLE international collaborative clinic. †: Range 0-16; 0 = inactive LN.

*P: comparison among the three groups.