Table 2.
Modified Leopold Matrix for assessing the net impacts of tourism in Ghorepani.
Cost-Benefit factors | Visitors Action |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trekking/one night stay | Leisure tourism (Stay for <1 week) | Professional stay (>1 week) | Negative impact | Positive impact | Net impact on sub factors | Average impact on sub factors | Average impact on factors | Net impact of tourism | Net impact by factors (%) | ||
Social and environmental costs and benefits | Culture | −1 | −2 | −4 | 0 | 3 | −7 | −2.33 | 0.234 | 4.43 | 5.3 |
Language | −1 | −2 | −4 | 0 | 3 | −7 | −2.33 | ||||
Education | −1 | −3 | −5 | 0 | 3 | −9 | −3 | ||||
Traditional skill | −1 | −2 | −3 | 0 | 3 | −6 | −2 | ||||
Life style | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 5 | ||||
Religion | −1 | −2 | −6 | 0 | 3 | −9 | −3 | ||||
Recreation | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 3 | ||||
Infrastructure | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 5 | ||||
Health and Security | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 5 | ||||
Environment | −2 | −3 | −4 | 0 | 3 | −9 | −3 | ||||
Economic costs and benefits | Equity depreciation | −2 | −2 | −2 | 0 | 3 | −6 | −2 | 4.19 | 94.7 | |
Job creation | 8 | 9 | 9 | 3 | 0 | 26 | 8.66 | ||||
Job seasonality | −1 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 3 | −3 | −1 | ||||
Service creation | 8 | 9 | 9 | 3 | 0 | 26 | 8.66 | ||||
Inflation | −1 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 3 | −3 | −1 | ||||
Trade | 8 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 8 | ||||
Revenue generation | 8 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 8 | ||||
Positive Impact | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 | |||||||
Negative Impact | 9 | 9 | 9 | 27 | |||||||
Impact by Visitor’s action | 39 | 34 | 22 | ||||||||
Impact by Visitor’s action (%) | 42 | 35 | 23 |