Table 3.

Summary of the main advantages and disadvantages of common coatings.

Coatings	Disadvantages	Advantages
Synthetic polymer	Non-biodegradability, poor biocompatibility	Cost-efficient, readily available, easy processing
Polysaccharide	Complex extraction of polysaccharide monomers, long preparation time, special solvent needed to dissolve polysaccharides, poor universality	Biocompatibility, biodegradability, film-forming, non-toxic, renewable
Polyphenolic	polyphenol coating is brown or black, dopamine polymerization mechanism is complex, long preparation time, unclear biodegradability of cross-linked products, rough coating surface/interface	Good universality, easy film formation, multifunctional application
Protein	Adhesion mechanism is not clear, long-term stability and toxicity of coatings in vivo are unclear	Good universality, easy film formation, biodegradable, biocompatibility, short preparation time, low cost, mild preparation conditions