Table 2.
Prevalence of hearing loss and validity of one single question questionnaire.
| Author, Year | Observed prevalence of hearing loss by pure tone audiometry (%) Estimated prevalence of hearing loss by question (%) Difference between observed and estimated hearing loss (%) | Sensitivity (%) and Specificity (%) | Positive Predictive Value (%) and Negative Predictive Value (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gates et al., 199019 | PO (0,5-2 kHz) = 29 e PO (0,5-3 kHz) = 42 PE = 41 PO-PE (0,5-2 kHz) = -12 and PO-PE (0,5-3 kHz) = 1 | S (0,5-2 kHz) = 89,93 E (0,5-2 kHz) = 86,93 | VPP (0,5-2 kHz) = 79,80 VPN (0,5-2 kHz) = 93,77 |
| Clark et al., 199120 | PO - Best ear ≥25 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = 34 and (1-4kHz) = 45 ≥40 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = 11 and (1-4kHz) = 18 PO- Worst ear ≥25 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = 42 and (1-4kHz) = 60 ≥40 dBNA: (1-2kHz) =18 and (1-4 kHz) = 27 PE = 35 | Best ear ≥25 (1-2kHz): S = 66; E = 80 ≥25 (1-4kHz): S = 56; E = 82 ≥40 (1-2 kHz): S = 90; E = 71 ≥40 (1-4 kHz): S = 83; E = 75 | Best ear ≥25 (1-2kHz): VPP = 63; VPN = 82 ≥25 (1-4kHz): VPP = 71; VPN = 71 ≥40 (1-2 kHz): VPP = 28; VPN = 98 ≥40 (1-4 kHz): VPP = 42; VPN = 96 |
| PO-PE - Best ear ≥25 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = -1 and (1-4kHz) = 10 ≥40 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = -24 and (1-4kHz) = -17 PO-PE - Worst ear ≥25 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = 7 and (1-4kHz) = 25 ≥40 dBNA: (1-2kHz) = -17 and (1-4 kHz) = -8 | Worst ear ≥25 (1-2kHz): S = 58; E = 82 ≥25 (1-4kHz): S = 51; E = 88 ≥40 (1-2 kHz): S = 81; E = 74 ≥40 (1-4 kHz): S = 70; E = 77 | Worst ear ≥25 (1-2kHz): VPP = 70; VPN = 73 ≥25 (1-4kHz): VPP = 86; VPN = 43 ≥40 (1-2 kHz): VPP = 40; VPN = 95 ≥40 (1-4 kHz): VPP = 54; VPN = 87 | |
| Voeks et al., 199323 | PO = 54 PE = 60 PO-PE = -6 | S = 69,2 E = 50,6 | VPP = 62,2 VPN = 58,2 |
| Reuben et al., 199821 | PO > 40 dBNA (1-2 kHz) = 14,2 PO ≥25 dBNA (1-4 kHz) = 35,1 PE = 24 PO-PE > 40 dBNA (1-2 kHz) = -9,8 PO-PE ≥25 dBNA (1-4 kHz) = 11,1 | - | - |
| Nondahl et al., 199814 | PO = 45,9, PE(Q1) = 47,8 and PE(Q2) = 24,2 PO-PE(Q1) = -1,9 and PO-PE(Q2) = 21,7 PO-PE(Q1) Best ear = -14,8 | S(Q1) = 71 and E(Q1) = 71 S(Q2) = 43 and E(Q2) = 93 | VPP(Q1) = 68 and VPN(Q1) = 74 VPP(Q2) = 83 and VPN(Q2) = 66 |
| Sindhusake et al., 200115 | PO > 25 dBNA = 40, PO > 40 dBNA = 14 and PO > 60 dBNA = 2 PE = 51 PO-PE > 25 dBNA = -11, PO-PE > 40 dBNA = -37 and PO-PE > 60 dBNA = -49 PO-PE > 25 dBNA Worst ear = 2,3 | >25 dBNA: S = 78 and E = 67 >40 dBNA: S = 93 and E = 56 >60 dBNA: S = 100 and E = 50 >25 dBNA Worst ear: S = 71 and E = 72 | >25 dBNA: VPP = 61 e VPN = 82 >40 dBNA: VPP = 25 e VPN = 98 >60 dBNA: VPP = 5 e VPN = 100 > 25 dBNA Worst ear: VPP = 71 and VPN = 69 |
| Gates et al., 200313 | PO = 27, PE = 40 and PO-PE = -13 | S = 71 and E = 72 | VPP = 48 and VPN = 87 |
| Uchida et al., 200322 | PE: 50-59 years = 43,4, 60-69 years = 49,4 and 70-79 years = 56,1 | - | - |
| Hashimoto et al., 200424 | PO-Best ear: 50-59 years = 7,1 and ≥60 years =14,9 PO-Worst ear: 50-59 years = 19,8 and ≥60 years = 30,9 PE: 50-59 years = 6,2 and ≥60 years = 6,1 PO-PE Best ear: 50-59 years = 0,9 and ≥60 years = 8,8 PO-PE Worst ear: 50-59 years = 13,6 and ≥60 years = 24,8 | 50-59 years: S = 23 and E = 95 ≥60 years: S = 14 and E = 95 | 50-59 years: VPP = 26 and VPN = 94 ≥60 years: VPP = 33 and VPN = 86 |
| Wu et al., 20048 | PO = 83, PE = 49,2 and PO-PE = 33,8 | S = 58 and E = 91 | VPP = 97 and VPN = 31 |
PO = Observed prevalence of hearing loss by pure tone audiometry; PE: Estimated prevalence of hearing loss by question; PO-PE: Difference between observed and estimated hearing loss; S = sensitivity; E = specificity; VPP = positive predictive value; VPN = negative predictive value; Q1 = question 1; Q2 = question 2.