Table 4.

Association Between Single Parasomnia Characteristic and Current Wheeze and Ever Asthma

	Current Wheeze									Ever Asthma
	Crude Model			Adjusted Model I			Adjusted Model II			Crude Model			Adjusted Model I			Adjusted Model II
	OR (95% CI)	p	p*	OR (95% CI)	p	p*	OR (95% CI)	p	p*	OR (95% CI)	p	p*	OR (95% CI)	p	p*	OR (95% CI)	p	p*
Full-term
NREM
Sleep Walking	0.82 (0.60–1.12)	0.201	0.201	1.21 (0.86–1.71)	0.280	0.327	1.22 (0.86–1.73)	0.268	0.313	0.72 (0.53–0.99)	0.040	0.047	0.99 (0.71–1.39)	0.963	0.963	1.03 (0.73–1.45)	0.873	0.873
Sleep Terror	1.91 (1.62–2.25)	<0.001	<0.001	1.81 (1.50–2.18)	<0.001	<0.001	1.76 (1.46–2.14)	<0.001	<0.001	1.69 (1.44–1.98)	<0.001	<0.001	1.67 (1.40–2.01)	<0.001	<0.001	1.66 (1.38–1.99)	<0.001	<0.001
REM
Sleep Talking	1.57 (1.35–1.83)	<0.001	<0.001	1.33 (1.11–1.59)	0.002	0.003	1.32 (1.10–1.58)	0.003	0.004	1.36 (1.17–1.59)	<0.001	<0.001	1.21 (1.02–1.43)	0.032	0.045	1.20 (1.01–1.43)	0.039	0.055
Sleep Restless	2.15 (1.91–2.42)	<0.001	<0.001	1.80 (1.57–2.06)	<0.001	<0.001	1.75 (1.53–2.01)	<0.001	<0.001	1.78 (1.58–1.99)	<0.001	<0.001	1.54 (1.35–1.75)	<0.001	<0.001	1.51 (1.32–1.72)	<0.001	<0.001
Nightmare	1.30 (1.06–1.60)	0.014	0.020	1.47 (1.16–1.87)	0.001	0.002	1.46 (1.15–1.85)	0.002	0.004	1.27 (1.04–1.55)	0.020	0.028	1.44 (1.16–1.80)	0.001	0.002	1.46 (1.17–1.83)	0.001	0.002
Others
Bruxism	1.71 (1.51–1.94)	<0.001	<0.001	1.50 (1.30–1.73)	<0.001	<0.001	1.48 (1.28–1.71)	<0.001	<0.001	1.52 (1.35–1.72)	<0.001	<0.001	1.32 (1.15–1.51)	<0.001	<0.001	1.30 (1.14–1.50)	<0.001	<0.001
Enuresis	1.20 (0.97–1.49)	0.092	0.107	1.06 (0.82–1.37)	0.649	0.649	1.08 (0.84–1.40)	0.542	0.542	1.08 (0.87–1.33)	0.492	0.492	1.06 (0.83–1.35)	0.637	0.743	1.10 (0.87–1.41)	0.426	0.497
Preterm, ≤ 36 wk
NREM
Sleep Walking	1.32 (0.63–2.75)	0.459	0.459	1.84 (0.82–4.14)	0.139	0.139	2.13 (0.91–4.98)	0.081	0.081	1.44 (0.71–2.96)	0.316	0.316	2.21 (1.01–4.88)	0.049	0.049	2.37 (1.06–5.34)	0.037	0.037
Sleep Terror	2.58 (1.63–4.10)	<0.001	<0.001	2.59 (1.52–4.41)	<0.001	<0.001	2.91 (1.66–5.11)	<0.001	<0.001	2.52 (1.59–4.01)	<0.001	<0.001	3.57 (2.11–6.05)	<0.001	<0.001	3.74 (2.17–6.46)	<0.001	<0.001
REM
Sleep Talking	2.38 (1.55–3.68)	<0.001	<0.001	2.40 (1.47–3.94)	0.001	0.002	2.55 (1.53–4.24)	<0.001	<0.001	2.03 (1.30–3.17)	0.002	0.004	1.92 (1.15–3.21)	0.013	0.015	1.94 (1.14–3.28)	0.014	0.020
Sleep Restless	2.74 (1.92–3.91)	<0.001	<0.001	2.59 (1.72–3.90)	<0.001	<0.001	2.58 (1.70–3.93)	<0.001	<0.001	2.56 (1.79–3.65)	<0.001	<0.001	2.44 (1.60–3.70)	<0.001	<0.001	2.34 (1.53–3.58)	<0.001	0.002
Nightmare	2.25 (1.29–3.91)	0.004	0.006	2.23 (1.22–4.27)	0.010	0.014	2.39 (1.24–4.59)	0.009	0.013	1.98 (1.12–3.49)	0.019	0.022	2.27 (1.19–4.34)	0.013	0.015	2.24 (1.15–4.37)	0.018	0.021
Others
Bruxism	2.20 (1.52–3.17)	<0.001	<0.001	1.96 (1.29–2.98)	0.002	0.004	2.05 (1.33–3.16)	0.002	0.004	2.12 (1.47–3.07)	<0.001	<0.001	2.05 (1.35–3.13)	0.001	0.002	2.12 (1.37–3.27)	0.001	0.002
Enuresis	1.76 (1.01–3.08)	0.047	0.055	1.96 (1.05–3.68)	0.036	0.042	2.35 (1.21–4.57)	0.012	0.014	1.94 (1.12–3.35)	0.018	0.022	2.30 (1.23–4.29)	0.009	0.015	2.56 (1.34–4.90)	0.005	0.009

Notes: p *p corrected for multiple comparison. Statistically significant results (p < 0.05) are in bold. Model I adjusted for child age, overweight/obesity, gender, mother’s educational level, father’s educational level, family income, family structure, family allergic history, family sleep disorder history; Model II further adjusted for maternal age at delivery, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight, maternal smoking, maternal drinking, negative life event, cesarean delivery, low birthweight, multiple pregnancy, breastfeeding, passive smoking, pet keeping during first year of life.

Abbreviations: REM, rapid eye movement; NREM, non-rapid eye movement; OR, odd ratio; CI, confidence interval; wks, week.