Table 1. Baseline characteristics of participants (n = 1,115).
| Variable | Valueb |
|---|---|
| Demographic | |
| Age -- % | |
| 18–24 years | 24.3 |
| 25–39 years | 53.0 |
| 40+ years | 22.8 |
| Female -- % | 20.5 |
| Indigenous -- % | 23.0 |
| Not married or de-facto -- % | 66.4 |
| Intervention arm, PASSPORTs -- % | 50.4 |
| Criminal justice | |
| Prior incarcerations (adult) -- % | 67.2 |
| Juvenile detention -- % | 27.3 |
| Drug-related sentence -- % | 30.9 |
| Violent offence -- % | 52.1 |
| On parole at release -- % | 60.3 |
| Risk of re-offending score—mean (SD) | 11.2 (6.0) |
| Mental health | |
| CNS medications -- % | 30.0 |
| Mood disorder -- % | 17.2 |
| Anxiety disorder -- % | 7.5 |
| Schizophrenia -- % | 3.8 |
| High/very high psychological distress (K10) -- % | 25.6 |
| Low mental health functioning (SF-36)b -- % | 4.8 |
| Substance use | |
| Ever overdosed -- % | 23.3 |
| Ever injected illicit drugs -- % | 55.4 |
| Ever shared injecting equipment -- % | 27.3 |
| Ever injected in prison -- % | 20.9 |
| High risk drinkingc (AUDIT) -- % | 36.3 |
| High risk cannabis used (ASSIST) -- % | 46.2 |
| High risk heroin used (ASSIST) -- % | 17.6 |
| High risk use of other opiatesd (ASSIST) -- % | 21.0 |
| High risk amphetamines used (ASSIST) -- % | 38.4 |
| Social support | |
| No visits past four weeks -- % | 52.5 |
| Low perceived social support (ESSI) -- % | 18.7 |
| Socioeconomic | |
| <10 years education -- % | 42.5 |
| Unstable housinga -- % | 20.8 |
| Unemployeda -- % | 51.0 |
| Income below poverty linea -- % | 46.2 |
| Expected post-release postcode -- % | |
| Major city | 73.2 |
| Regional | 24.5 |
| Remote | 2.3 |
aPrior to index incarceration
bScore two standard deviations below the mean
cIn the six months prior to incarceration
dIn the three months prior to incarceration