TABLE 2.

Basic description of the teacher beliefs about challenges.

Item	Categories	Frequency	Percent (%)	Cumulated percent (%)
5. During the pandemic, did you feel panic and anxious? (Example: media coverage of the new coronavirus)	None	12	24	24
	Rarely	14	28	52
	Average	21	42	94
	Frequently	2	4	98
	Always	1	2	100
6. During the pandemic, were you worried about the health of your family and yourself?	None	8	16	16
	Rarely	12	24	40
	Average	20	40	80
	Frequently	5	10	90
	Always	5	10	100
7. Did emergency remote teaching (ERT) bring you more challenges and workload?	None	8	16	16
	Rarely	7	14	30
	Average	19	38	68
	Frequently	11	22	90
	Always	5	10	100
8. During ERT, were you worried and anxious about the evaluation of teaching performance?	None	10	20	20
	Rarely	14	28	48
	Average	19	38	86
	Frequently	5	10	96
	Always	2	4	100
9. Were you afraid of ERT because of your lack of online teaching experience?	None	24	48	48
	Rarely	15	30	78
	Average	10	20	98
	Frequently	1	2	100
	Always	0	0	100
11. Do you think the Internet, applications, or teaching management platforms have brought you challenges during the online teaching period?	None Rarely Average Frequently Always	22 31 33 5 2	24 33 36 5 2	24 57 92 98 100
12. During ERT, do you think the Internet, application software, or teaching management platform brought you challenges?	Rarely	6	12	12
	Average	9	18	30
	Frequently	17	34	64
	Always	10	20	84
	Always	8	16	100
13. Did your office location or electronic equipment make it difficult for you to teach online?	None	15	30	30
	Rarely	15	30	60
	Average	11	22	82
	Frequently	6	12	94
	Always	3	6	100
14. Did you feel physical discomfort during online classes?	None	20	40	40
	Rarely	11	22	62
	Average	13	26	88
	Frequently	4	8	96
	Always	2	4	100
16. Were you worried that students would have depression, paranoia, stress, and other negative emotions during online teaching?	None	10	20	20
	Rarely	5	10	30
	Average	20	40	70
	Frequently	12	24	94
	Always	3	6	100
17. Do you think the pandemic would affect the graduation or work situation of students?	None	3	6	6
	Rarely	4	8	14
	Average	23	46	60
	Frequently	13	26	86
	Always	7	14	100
18. Were you concerned about your students’ class attendance during ERT?	None	13	26	26
	Rarely	17	34	60
	Average	14	28	88
	Frequently	3	6	94
	Always	3	6	100
19. During ERT, were you concerned about students’ use of technology operations?	None	23	46	46
	Rarely	15	30	76
	Average	11	22	98
	Frequently	1	2	100
	Always	0	0	100
20. During ERT, were you concerned that students will not have a suitable location/electronic device to attend class?	None	16	32	32
	Rarely	16	32	64
	Average	14	28	92
	Frequently	4	8	100
	Always	0	0	100
21. During ERT, were you worried that students’ lack of online learning experience would reduce their learning efficiency?	None	6	12	12
	Rarely	16	32	44
	Average	12	24	68
	Frequently	10	20	88
	Always	6	12	100
22. Were you worried about the physical condition of your students during online teaching?	None	9	18	18
	Rarely	14	28	46
	Average	19	38	84
	Frequently	4	8	92
	Always	4	8	100
24. Did you encounter challenges from school or departmental systems while teaching online? (For example, the relevant regulations cannot be implemented in a timely and effective manner)	None	16	32	32
	Rarely	16	32	64
	Average	16	32	96
	Frequently	1	2	98
	Always	1	2	100
25. During ERT, did you experience challenges due to a lack of peer/expert support (e.g., no peer model or technologist for help)	None	19	38	38
	Rarely	19	38	76
	Average	10	20	96
	Frequently	2	4	100
	Always	0	0	100
26. During ERT, did you encounter challenges from the surrounding environment (such as unstable community network, frequent nucleic acid testing, etc.)	None	9	18	18
	Rarely	12	24	42
	Average	20	40	82
	Frequently	7	14	96
	Always	2	4	100
27. Did you encounter challenges with your child’s learning during online teaching? (For example, children need to be accompanied by parents, time conflicts, etc.)	None	20	40	40
	Rarely	8	16	56
	Average	9	18	74
	Frequently	12	24	98
	Always	1	2	100