Table 4.
Changes in outpatient vital signs or laboratory studies for select temporal-informed phenotypes
| Change in lab or vital sign from pretesting to postacutea |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postacute phenotype(s) | Vital sign/lab (units) | Subgroupb | Never infected mean (SD)c | SARS-CoV-2 positive mean (SD)c | Adjusted mean difference (95% CI)d | P valuee |
| Obesity morbid obesity | BMI (kg/m2) | Nonobese (n = 37 838) | 0.01 (1.6) | 0.21 (1.4) | 0.16 (0.12–0.21) | 2.00 × 10−13 |
| Essential hypertension | Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | Normal blood pressure or prehypertension (n = 28 912) | −0.2 (13.0) | 0.4 (12.0) | 0.5 (0.1–1.0) | 0.015 |
| Palpitations atrial fibrillation | Heart rate (bpm) | Normal heart rate, no arrhythmia diagnoses (n = 31 364) | 0.1 (12) | 1.1 (12) | 1.0 (0.6–1.3) | 3.81 × 10−7 |
| Respiratory failure | Respiratory rate (min−1) | Normal respiratory rate, no lung disorders (n = 19 764) | −0.1 (2.2) | 0.1 (2.3) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 3.89 × 10−5 |
| Pancytopenia | White blood cell (103/µL) | Normal WBC, no hematologic disorders (n = 12 346) | 0.0 (1.9) | 0.2 (1.9) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 5.72 × 10−6 |
| Acute renal failure | Estimated GFR (mL/min) | No renal failure or kidney transplant (n = 14 305) | 0 (13) | 1 (12) | 1 (0–1) | 0.008 |
a
Among patients with the vital sign or lab value recorded both within 180 days prior to SARS-CoV-2 testing and within 365 days following recovery.
b
Prior to SARS-CoV-2 testing.
c
Calculated for each patient as Ypostacute−Ypretesting, where Y is the vital sign value or laboratory value. Negative values indicate a decrease in the vital sign/lab value from the pretesting to the postacute phases, and positive values indicate an increase in the vital sign/lab value.
d
Mean difference and 95% CI between groups adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and time between pre-SARS-CoV-2 test value and postacute value.
e
Adjusted P values using linear regression.