Table 4.

Ethicolegal issues identified and resulting recommendations

Issue	Ethicolegal recommendation	Action item
Court reliance on physician testimony	Expert allyship	Proactive involvement of physicians throughout IPV–BI screening. Ensure physicians are aware of all information and willing to advocate in court if necessary.
Lack of informed IPV and BI advocacy for women	Establish trauma-informed legal team	Connect participants to legal professionals educated in IPV, IPV–BI, and trauma-informed legal practices.
Interpretation of BI and its impact on parenting capacity	Assessment of parenting capacity	Include an assessment of a BI in evaluating parenting capacity with IPV–BI screening tools and resulting reports.
Possible indirect harms of participation	Transparency and the right to opt-out	Prioritize transparency before and throughout the screening process to ensure participants know the potential legal implications of screening and diagnostic results and understand their right to opt-out.