Table 5.
Correlations between Pandemic Avoidance and Concern Scales (PACS) subscales and other study variables of interest
| Study Variables | Caregiver Data | Youth Data | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PACS Concern | PACS Avoidance | PACS Concern | PACS Avoidance | |
| Youth’s Age | 0.019 | 0.009 | − 0.022 | 0.010 |
| Youth’s Sex a | 0.016 | 0.023 | 0.215 ** | − 0.005 |
| Youth’s PPVT Score b | − 0.097 | 0.033 | 0.051 | 0.011 |
| Caregiver’s Age | 0.055 | 0.040 | 0.036 | − 0.004 |
| Caregiver’s Relationship to Youth c | 0.120 | 0.058 | 0.027 | 0.127 |
| Ethnicity d | 0.041 | 0.026 | 0.042 | 0.021 |
| Family Income e | − 0.053 | 0.027 | 0.092 | 0.004 |
| Caregiver PACS Concern | - | 0.298 ** | 0.324 ** | 0.140 * |
| Caregiver PACS Avoidance | 0.298 ** | - | 0.123 | 0.365 ** |
| Youth PACS Concern | 0.324 ** | 0.123 | - | 0.260 ** |
| Youth PACS Avoidance | 0.140 * | 0.365 ** | 0.260 ** | - |
| Caregiver Routine Disruption (Aggregate) | 0.182 ** | 0.092 | 0.04 | − 0.028 |
| Caregiver Income Instability (Aggregate) | 0.111 | 0.030 | 0.152 * | 0.009 |
| Caregiver COVID Exposure (Aggregate) | 0.119 | 0.154 * | 0.100 | 0.007 |
| Caregiver # of People Seen In-Person | 0.120 | − 0.020 | 0.144 * | 0.012 |
| Caregiver # of People Contacted via Technology | 0.066 | 0.087 | 0.011 | 0.035 |
| Caregiver Closeness with Family | − 0.087 | 0.082 | 0.018 | 0.037 |
| Caregiver Conflict with Family | 0.035 | 0.164 * | 0.028 | 0.055 |
| Caregiver Anxiety (GAD-7) f | 0.389 ** | 0.198 ** | 0.118 | 0.102 |
| Caregiver Depression (PHQ-9) g | 0.236 ** | 0.175 ** | 0.061 | 0.083 |
| Youth # of People Seen In-Person | − 0.198 ** | − 0.046 | − 0.070 | − 0.029 |
| Youth # of People Contacted via Technology | 0.143 * | − 0.066 | 0.168 * | < 0.001 |
| Youth Closeness with Family | − 0.093 | 0.034 | 0.130 | 0.077 |
| Youth Conflict with Family | 0.124 | − 0.042 | 0.019 | − 0.012 |
| Youth Anxious/Depressed (YSR) h | 0.101 | 0.032 | 0.261 ** | 0.078 |
| Youth Withdrawn/Depressed (YSR) h | 0.098 | − 0.032 | 0.172 * | − 0.013 |
| Youth Somatic Complaints (YSR) h | 0.095 | 0.04 | 0.150 * | 0.029 |
Note: * p < .05, ** p < .01
a male = 0, female = 1
b Standard Score on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test – Fourth Edition (Dunn & Dunn, 2007)
c mother = 0, father = 1
d white = 0, other = 1
e 1 = < $20,000, 2 = $20,000-$40,000, 3 = $40,001-$70,000, 4 = $70,001-$100,000, 5 = > $100,000; all in Canadian dollars.
f Total Score on the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (Spitzer et al., 2006)
g Total Score on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Kroenke et al., 2001)
h Subscale Score on the Youth Self Report (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001)