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Indicators of NIV failure.
| Simplified acute physiology score [SAPS] >37 |
| High APACHE score |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio <150 mm·Hg |
| High tidal volumes (>9.2 or 9.5 mL/kg) |
| Respiratory rate >30/min |
| HACOR score >5 [34] |
| Acute respiratory acidosis with rise in PaCO2 |
| ROX index <3 at 2 hours |
