Table 1.
Characteristics of the overall target population according to dietary magnesium intake.
| Variables |
Total (n = 3,028) |
Q1 (n = 602) |
Q2 (n = 607) |
Q3 (n = 606) |
Q4 (n = 607) |
Q5 (n = 606) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Periodontitis, n (%) | 0.001 | ||||||
| No | 1,748 (57.7) | 304 (50.5) | 357 (58.8) | 368 (60.7) | 351 (57.8) | 368 (60.7) | |
| Yes | 1,280 (42.3) | 298 (49.5) | 250 (41.2) | 238 (39.3) | 256 (42.2) | 238 (39.3) | |
| Periodontitis Severity n (%) | 0.03 | ||||||
| Mild | 37 (1.2) | 11 (1.8) | 5 (0.8) | 8 (1.3) | 8 (1.3) | 5 (0.8) | |
| Moderate | 1,001 (33.1) | 230 (38.2) | 200 (32.9) | 190 (31.4) | 191 (31.5) | 190 (31.4) | |
| No | 1,748 (57.7) | 304 (50.5) | 357 (58.8) | 368 (60.7) | 351 (57.8) | 368 (60.7) | |
| Severe | 242 (8.0) | 57 (9.5) | 45 (7.4) | 40 (6.6) | 57 (9.4) | 43 (7.1) | |
| Age, mean ± SD | 52.2 ± 14.2 | 53.8 ± 14.5 | 52.2 ± 14.3 | 52.1 ± 14.5 | 52.2 ± 14.1 | 50.6 ± 13.3 | 0.003 |
| Sex, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Female | 1,592 (52.6) | 426 (70.8) | 376 (61.9) | 323 (53.3) | 281 (46.3) | 186 (30.7) | |
| Male | 1,436 (47.4) | 176 (29.2) | 231 (38.1) | 283 (46.7) | 326 (53.7) | 420 (69.3) | |
| Race, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Mexican American | 396 (13.1) | 52 (8.6) | 69 (11.4) | 91 (15) | 85 (14) | 99 (16.3) | |
| Non-hispanic black | 589 (19.5) | 171 (28.4) | 137 (22.6) | 116 (19.1) | 84 (13.8) | 81 (13.4) | |
| Non-hispanic white | 1,365 (45.1) | 272 (45.2) | 267 (44) | 266 (43.9) | 299 (49.3) | 261 (43.1) | |
| Other race | 678 (22.4) | 107 (17.8) | 134 (22.1) | 133 (21.9) | 139 (22.9) | 165 (27.2) | |
| PIR, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| High | 1,254 (44.6) | 167 (29.7) | 239 (41.9) | 274 (49.2) | 270 (49) | 304 (53.2) | |
| Low | 835 (29.7) | 237 (42.2) | 181 (31.8) | 149 (26.8) | 138 (25) | 130 (22.8) | |
| Medium | 722 (25.7) | 158 (28.1) | 150 (26.3) | 134 (24.1) | 143 (26) | 137 (24) | |
| Education, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| 9–11th grade (includes 12th grade with no diploma) | 340 (11.2) | 95 (15.8) | 81 (13.3) | 59 (9.7) | 56 (9.2) | 49 (8.1) | |
| College graduate or above | 897 (29.6) | 96 (16) | 150 (24.7) | 192 (31.7) | 214 (35.3) | 245 (40.4) | |
| High school graduate/GED or equivalent | 672 (22.2) | 157 (26.1) | 146 (24.1) | 130 (21.5) | 137 (22.6) | 102 (16.8) | |
| <9th grade | 187 (6.2) | 40 (6.7) | 32 (5.3) | 42 (6.9) | 39 (6.4) | 34 (5.6) | |
| Some college or AA degree | 931 (30.8) | 213 (35.4) | 198 (32.6) | 183 (30.2) | 161 (26.5) | 176 (29) | |
| Smoke, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Former | 768 (25.4) | 147 (24.5) | 148 (24.4) | 133 (21.9) | 161 (26.5) | 179 (29.5) | |
| Never | 1,740 (57.5) | 313 (52.2) | 355 (58.5) | 374 (61.7) | 355 (58.5) | 343 (56.6) | |
| Now | 518 (17.1) | 140 (23.3) | 104 (17.1) | 99 (16.3) | 91 (15) | 84 (13.9) | |
| Alcohol, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Former | 494 (16.8) | 118 (20.2) | 102 (17.3) | 93 (15.9) | 98 (16.6) | 83 (14.1) | |
| Heavy | 483 (16.4) | 92 (15.8) | 76 (12.9) | 101 (17.3) | 101 (17.1) | 113 (19.2) | |
| Mild | 1,098 (37.4) | 177 (30.4) | 215 (36.5) | 229 (39.2) | 226 (38.2) | 251 (42.5) | |
| Moderate | 454 (15.5) | 97 (16.6) | 100 (17) | 89 (15.2) | 95 (16.1) | 73 (12.4) | |
| Never | 408 (13.9) | 99 (17) | 96 (16.3) | 72 (12.3) | 71 (12) | 70 (11.9) | |
| DM, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| DM | 432 (14.3) | 104 (17.3) | 107 (17.9) | 69 (11.4) | 90 (14.9) | 62 (10.3) | |
| No | 2,579 (85.7) | 496 (82.7) | 491 (82.1) | 534 (88.6) | 516 (85.1) | 542 (89.7) | |
| BMI, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Normal weight | 751 (24.9) | 125 (21) | 133 (22) | 155 (25.6) | 156 (25.8) | 182 (30.1) | |
| Obese | 1,221 (40.5) | 289 (48.5) | 273 (45.2) | 228 (37.6) | 236 (39.1) | 195 (32.2) | |
| Overweight | 1,012 (33.6) | 173 (29) | 193 (32) | 217 (35.8) | 205 (33.9) | 224 (37) | |
| underweight | 31 (1.0) | 9 (1.5) | 5 (0.8) | 6 (1) | 7 (1.2) | 4 (0.7) |