Table 1.
Main characteristics of the patients with chronic hepatitis B according to sex (n = 105)
|
Variables
|
Total (n = 105)
|
Male (n = 61)
|
Female (n = 44)
|
P
value
|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (yr)1 | 48.5 ± 12.0 | 48.9 ± 12.9 | 48.0 ± 10.7 | 0.69 |
| HBV infection | ||||
| HBeAg negative n (%) | 94 (89.5) | 52 (85.2) | 42 (95.5) | 0.12 |
| HBeAg positive n (%) | 11 (10.5) | 9 (14.8) | 2 (4.5) | |
| HBV-DNA log10 (IU)/mL2 | 3.23 (2.59; 4.33) | 3.66 (2.75; 5.12) | 2.97 (2.53; 3.70) | 0.05 |
| Phases of HBV infection3 | ||||
| HBeAg-positive or -negative HBV chronic infection n (%) | 44 (41.9) | 19 (31.2) | 25 (56.8) | 0.008 |
| HBeAg-positive or -negative chronic hepatitis B n (%) | 61 (58.1) | 42 (68.8) | 19 (43.2) | |
| Time of HBV diagnosis (years)2 | 13.0 (5.0; 19.0) | 19.5 (15.0; 24.0) | 8.0 (4.0; 15.0) | 0.17 |
| Antiviral therapy | ||||
| Entecavir n (%) | 35 (33.3) | 29 (47.6) | 6 (13.6) | 0.009 |
| Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate n (%) | 26 (24.8) | 13 (21.3) | 13 (29.6) | |
| Time of antiviral treatment (months)2 | 36.0 (12.0; 60.0) | 36.0 (12.0; 60.0) | 39.0 (12.0; 49.5) | 0.58 |
| Stage of liver disease | ||||
| Without cirrhosis n (%) | 80 (76.2) | 37 (60.7) | 43 (97.7) | < 0.001 |
| Compensated cirrhosis n (%) | 25 (23.8) | 24 (39.3) | 1 (2.3) | |
| Child-Pugh-Turcotte score (A5/A6) | 19/6 | 18/6 | 1/0 | |
| Biochemical parameters2 | ||||
| Serum albumin, g/dL | 4.4 (4.1; 4.6) | 4.5 (4.2; 4.7) | 4.2 (4.1; 4.5) | 0.02 |
| Clinical and metabolic abnormalities n (%) | ||||
| Blood hypertension | 34 (32.4) | 20 (32.8) | 14 (31.8) | 0.92 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (10.5) | 9 (14.8) | 2 (4.5) | 0.12 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 19 (18.1) | 11 (18.0) | 8 (18.2) | 0.98 |
| Overweight/obesity4 | 60 (57.1) | 31 (50.8) | 29 (65.9) | 0.12 |
| Metabolic syndrome5 | 19 (18.1) | 10 (16.4) | 9 (20.5) | 0.59 |
| Hepatic steatosis | 40 (38.1) | 27 (44.3) | 13 (29.6) | 0.13 |
| Metabolic associated fatty liver disease6 | 29 (27.6) | 18 (29.5) | 11 (25.0) | 0.61 |
| Polypharmacy7 | 10 (9.5) | 6 (9.8) | 4 (9.1) | 0.9 |
| Lifestyle data n (%) | ||||
| Low IPAQ (<600 met-min/week) | 65 (61.9) | 38 (62.3) | 27 (61.4) | 0.92 |
| Current alcohol consumption8 | 7 (6.7) | 4 (6.6) | 3 (6.8) | 1 |
| Risk drinking consumption9 | 3 (2.9) | 2 (3.3) | 1 (2.3) | 1 |
mean ± SD.
Median [(interquartile range), 25th - 75th percentile].
According to guidance The European Association for the Study of the Liver[24].
Body mass index (BMI) > 25 (< 60 yr) and BMI > 27 (> 60 yr).
The International Diabetes Federation worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome[28].
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease according to an international expert consensus statement[21].
Defined as regular use of at least five medications.
The median [(interquartile range), 25th - 75th percentile] current alcohol intake per day was 7.9 g (2.7-19.0) and 5.0 g (0.6-10.5) for men and women, respectively.
> 30 g per day for men and > 20 g per day for women.
n: Number of subjects; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e-antigen; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; γ-GT: γ-glutamyltranspeptidase; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (normal: ≥ 600 METs-min/wk). The asymptotic Pearson’s χ2 test was used to compare categorical variables. The t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparison of normal and nonnormal continuous variables: Respectively.