Table 2.

Multivariable cox analyses of the association between psychiatric outpatient care for depression and overall survival.

	Not adjusted		Model 1		Model 2
	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI
Death
No depression	1.00		1.00		1.00
Pre-cancer only	1.34 a	1.26–1.42	1.20 a	1.15–1.30	1.18 a	1.11–1.25
Both before and after cancer	1.07 b	0.99–1.15	0.98 b	0.91–1.06	1.02 b	0.95–1.10
Post-cancer only	0.93 c	0.88–0.98	0.91 c	0.86–0.97	0.80 a	0.83–0.94
Suicide
No depression	1.00		1.00		1.00
Pre-cancer only	1.88 c	1.13–3.12	1.82 c	1.09–3.03	1.79 c	1.07–2.98
Both before and after cancer	2.89 a	1.87–4.48	2.70 a	1.75–4.24	2.80 a	1.81–4.38
Post-cancer only	3.22 a	2.35–4.41	3.10 a	2.28–4.30	3.10 a	2.27–4.29

Model 1: adjusted for age at diagnosis and gender and income differential and Charlson Comorbidity Index scores and medical center; Model 2: also adjusted for tumor site and reconstructive surgery and tumor stage.

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

^aThe P value is <.001.

^bThe P value is ≥.05.

^cThe P value ranges from ≥.001 to <.05.