Table 1. Main Characteristics and Semen Parameters of the Study Participants.
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%) (N = 205) |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 29.49 (3.64) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 24.01 (1.61) |
| Income, yuan/working period, mean (SD)a | 2463.42 (649.66) |
| Smoking status | |
| Nonsmoker | 31 (15.12) |
| Smoker | 174 (84.88) |
| Alcohol consumption | |
| Nondrinker | 80 (39.02) |
| Drinker | 125 (60.98) |
| Conventional sperm parameters, median (IQR) | |
| SV, mL | 2.5 (2.00-3.60) |
| SC, million/mL | 54.07 (34.49-74.73) |
| TSC, million | 128.79 (79.20-206.33) |
| TSM, % | 51.01 (40.53-66.54) |
| PSM, % | 40.13 (29.92-54.28) |
| Kinematic sperm parameters, mean (SD), μm/s | |
| VCL | 49.74 (10.14) |
| VSL | 33.16 (7.86) |
| VAP | 36.13 (7.96) |
| MAD, mean (SD), ° | 53.86 (8.05) |
| Linearity, mean (SD) | 65.21 (8.23) |
| Straightness, mean (SD) | 88.12 (4.07) |
| Wobble, mean (SD) | 72.24 (6.74) |
| ALH, mean (SD), μm | 3.44 (1.12) |
| BCF, mean (SD) | 5.09 (1.03) |
| NSM, median (IQR), % | 10 (7.00-15.00) |
| DFI, mean (SD), % | 18.85 (7.99) |
| Biochemistry parameters in seminal plasma, mean (SD) | |
| ACP, U/ejaculate | 71.05 (21.08) |
| NG, mU/ejaculate | 7.4 (1.8) |
| Fructose, μmol/ejaculate | 4.96 (0.86) |
| Zinc, μmol/ejaculate | 4.76 (1.62) |
Abbreviations: ACP, acid phosphatase; ALH, amplitude of lateral head displacement; BCF, beat cross frequency; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); DFI, DNA fragmentation index; MAD, mean angular displacement; NG, neutral glucosidase; NSM, normal sperm morphology; PSM, progressive sperm motility; SC, sperm concentration; SV, semen volume; TSC, total sperm count; TSM, total sperm motility; VAP, average path velocity; VCL, curvilinear velocity; VSL, straight line velocity.
a
To convert yuan to US dollars, multiply by 0.15.