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. 2022 Aug 25;67:1604979. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604979

TABLE 5.

Summary of the risk and protective factors for depression, anxiety, stress, PTSD, and suicidal ideation (China, 2021).

Variable Depression Anxiety Stress PTSD Suicidal ideation
OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI]
Older age 0.96 [0.95–0.98] 0.97 [0.94–1.00]
Female gender 1.55 [1.07–2.24] 1.36 [0.97–1.91] 2.95 [1.49–5.86]
Previous chronic disease 2.06 [1.24–3.43] 2.13 [1.28–3.53] 2.70 [1.55–4.70] 3.04 [1.56–5.92]
Experienced violence during the pandemic 1.86 [1.25–2.76] 2.09 [1.41–3.10] 2.37 [1.52–3.67] 1.94 [1.18–3.20]
Passive coping 3.00 [2.25–4.01] 3.05 [2.34–3.97] 2.42 [1.68–3.47] 2.35 [1.55–3.56] 3.26 [1.96–5.42]
Having reliable social support at work 0.45 [0.30–0.67] 0.46 [0.29–0.72] 0.49 [0.29–0.85]
Long working hours during the outbreak 1.11 [1.06–1.17] 1.07 [1.02–1.12] 1.13 [1.07–1.19] 1.07 [1.01–1.14] 1.13 [1.06–1.20]
More days in isolation during the pandemic 1.03 [1.01–1.04] 1.04 [1.01–1.14]
Other health personnel 0.56 [0.37–0.84] 0.48 [0.33–0.70]
Aided Wuhan during the pandemic 2.08 [1.02–4.26] 2.30 [1.12–4.75]
Quite worried or very worried about infecting relatives 1.37 [1.04–1.79]
The pandemic affected the family’s financial situation 1.38 [1.02–1.85] 1.50 [1.04–2.17]
Close contact with COVID-19 patients 2.89 [1.77–4.74] 2.83 [1.79–4.46] 1.95 [1.11–3.46] 3.68 [1.54–8.80]