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. 2022 Sep 8;22:597. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-04208-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — ERPs comparing OCD patients and controls. Grand average ERP waveforms to correctly detected first and second presentations of the words for the OCD group (n = 16) and the normal controls (n = 12) at F3, F4, C3, C4, P3, and P4. The second presentations of words elicited a more positive-shift starting at about 220 ms after the onset of the stimulus and extending for the rest of the recording epoch. This old/new effect is widespread and has a left frontocentral maximum. The patients showed reduced late old/new effect (ca. 450–650 ms) compared to the controls. FP = first presentation, SP = second presentation