Table 1.
Quality assessment of included studies using Hoy’s tool
| Study | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 | Q9 | Q10 | Overall risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hua et al. [27] | H | H | H | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | M |
| Wu et al. [34] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Li et al. [28] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Wang et al. [41] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | H | M |
| Gao et al. [37] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Meng et al. [40] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Chen et al. [33] | H | H | H | L | L | H | L | L | L | L | M |
| Meng et al. [30] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Yu et al. [25] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Xu et al. [44] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Liu et al. [24] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Meng et al. [22] | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Deng et al. [20] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Che et al. [32] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Jiao et al. [29] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Du et al. [31] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Chen et al. [26] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Kuo et al. [36] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Xia et al. [43] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Liu et al. [38] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Mao et al. [39] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | H |
| Huang et al. [35] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Zhu et al. [45] | H | H | H | L | L | L | H | L | L | L | H |
| Sun et al. [23] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
| Wu et al. [42] | L | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Lu et al. [21] | H | H | H | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | M |
H High risk of bias, M Moderate risk of bias, L Low risk of bias, Q Question