Table 2.

Experimental Models of thyroid oncogenesis in transgenic animals.

Mouse Line/Rat	Promoter/Expression	Original Strain	Pathology	Thyroid Function	References
RET/PTC1	Rat Tg, thyroid	C57BL/6J	4/18 (22%) diagnosed with * PTC starting at 8 months	NA	[37]
RET/PTC1	Bovine Tg, thyroid	FVB /N	100% mice with multifocal * PTC	Congenital hypothyroidism	[38]
RET/PTC3	Bovine Tg, thyroid	CH3/He	4/13 (31%) * PTC by 3 months and 6 /11 (55%) over 3 months	Normal	[39]
RET/PTC3	Bovine Tg, thyroid	FVB/N	7/12 (58%) * PTC-like neoplasia over 5 months	Primary hypothyroidism	[39,40]
TBP-3743	TPO, BRAFV600E/WT, Trp53	B6129SF1/J	100% mice with anaplastic thyroid cancer	More than ~1000-fold elevation of TSH	[41,42]
TPOCREER/BRAFV600E	TPO, BRAFV600E, Trp53	C57BL/6J	100% mice with multifocal * PTC 12 weeks post-TAM injection’s	Less than ~10-fold elevation of TSH	[45]
TPO KRASG12D, PTENLL	TPO	129Sv	100 % with follicular thyroid carcinoma	TSH autonomy (TSH drastically reduced with increased T4)	[47]
NODH2H4_TPO-CRE-ER_BRAFV600E	TPO, BRAF V600E under CRE expression	NODH2H4/C57BL/6J	Autoimmune thyroiditis and small/unifocal * PTC	Severe hypothyroidism in concomitant and no thyroiditis	[54]

Abbreviation. * PTC = Papillary thyroid carcinoma.