Figure 3.

Mechanisms of snoRNAs in HCC. Abnormal expression of snoRNAs could lead to various pathophysiological changes. They could regulate a variety of signaling pathways by binding or releasing target proteins. Aberrant expression of snoRNAs in HCC could activate PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β, MAPK/ERK pathways while inhibiting the p53 pathway. They played a critical role in cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which were critical for cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance.