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Generation of cellular (A) and lipid (B) ROS. See text for details. XO: xanthine oxidase; NOXs: NADPH oxidases; ETC: electron transport chain; O2•−: superoxide; SOD: superoxide dismutase; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; Prx: peroxiredoxin; GPXs: glutathione peroxidases; HO•: hydroxyl radical; L-H: lipid; L•: lipid radical; L-OO•: lipid peroxyl radical; L-OOH: lipid peroxides; L-O•: lipid alkoxyl radicals; L-OH: lipid alcohol; LOX: lipoxygenase.
