Figure 2.

Schematic representation of the newly proposed signaling pathways of the specified drugs (trimetazidine, tacrolimus and carvedilol) in organ preservation aimed at regulating the mechanisms responsible for IRI. ↓: decrease; ↑: increase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG7: autophagy-related gene 7; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; Ca²⁺: calcium ion; CHOP: C/EBP homologous protein; CVD: carvedilol; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FKBP: FK506-binding protein; LC3B: light chain 3 B; NF-AT: nuclear factor of activated T-cells; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; NO: nitric oxide; PERK: protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; TAC: tacrolimus; TMZ: trimetazidine.