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. 2022 Aug 24;23(17):9583. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179583

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Microgliosis and astrocytosis induced by neurodegenerative diseases are blocked by GLP-1 receptor activation. Abbreviatures: IL-1β: interleukin-1β; IL-12: interleukin-12; IL-23: interleukin-23; IL-33: interleukin-33; IL-6: interleukin-6; CXCL2: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2; CCL5: CC chemokine ligand 5; CXCL4: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4; CCL2: C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2; BAFF: B cell–activating factor of the TNF family; CXCL-1: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; NO: nitric oxide; VEGFB: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; Cq1: complement component 1q.