| (A) Characteristics of deceased participants categorized by blood culture growth result. |
|
True Positive (14)
|
False Positive and No Growth (69)
|
Total (83)
|
|
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (3)
|
Non-Salmonella spp. (11)
|
| Male, N (%) |
3 (100) |
7 (63.6) |
36 (52.2) |
46 (55.4) |
| Distribution of cases by age group, N (%) |
|
|
|
|
| 1–5 years |
0 (0.0) |
2 (18.2) |
4 (5.8) |
6 (7.2) |
| >5–18 years |
1 (33.3) |
1 (9.1) |
7 (10.1) |
9 (10.8) |
| >18–45 years |
1 (33.3) |
4 (36.4) |
24 (34.8) |
29 (34.9) |
| >45–65 years |
1 (33.3) |
4 (36.4) |
25 (36.2) |
30 (36.1) |
| >65 years |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
9 (13) |
9 (10.8) |
| Received intravenous antibiotics prior to blood collection, N (%) |
1 (33.3) |
1 (9.1) |
34 (49.3) |
36 (43.4) |
| Length of hospitalization, median (range, IQR) |
4 (2–38) |
12 (2–17) |
8 (2–54) |
8 (2–54) |
| Comorbidities, N (%) |
2 (66.6) |
10 (90.9) |
60 (86.9) |
72 (86.7) |
| (B) Pathogens from fatal cases confirmed by blood culture or other lab methods and the accompanying clinical diagnoses, participant comorbidities, and AMR observations |
|
True Positive (14)
|
Clinical Diagnosis at Death
|
Comorbidities
|
Antimicrobial Resistance
|
|
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (3) |
Typhoid fever |
Hepatitis B, HIV, TB |
None |
| Acute limb ischemia |
Acute Limb Ischemia |
None |
| Sepsis, typhoid fever |
Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) |
None |
|
Escherichia coli (2) |
Cholangitis |
Diabetes, Hepatitis B |
Yes |
| Sepsis |
Anemia |
Yes |
|
Klebsiella pneumoniae (2) |
UTI, diabetic ketoacidosis |
Diabetes |
None |
| UTI |
Stroke |
None |
|
Staphylococcus aureus (2) |
UTI |
Diabetes |
None |
| Sepsis |
Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease |
None |
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae (2) |
Aseptic meningitis, acute otitis media |
Epilepsy |
Yes |
| |
Myelodysplasia, Hepatitis B (Cirrhosis) |
None |
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1) |
Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
HIV, TB, Toxoplasmosis |
No data |
|
Enterobacter aerogenes (1) |
Cholangitis, Sepsis |
None |
No data |
|
Staphylococcus hominis ssp hominis (1) |
|
Craniopharyngioma |
None |
|
False Positive and No Growth (69) [Confirmatory Methods]
|
Clinical Diagnosis at Death
|
|
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (8) [GeneXpert (2), Microscopy (6)] |
Pulmonary TB (3), Colitis TB and Spondylitis TB, Millar TB, HIV, Community-acquired Pneumonia, Sepsis |
|
Rickettsia typhi (6) [PCR (6)] |
Sepsis (3), Community-acquired Pneumonia, Meningoencephalitis, Diabetic Neuropathy |
| Influenza (3) [PCR (2), Serology (1)] |
Bronchiectasis, Community-acquired Pneumonia, Sepsis |
|
Salmonella Typhi (2) [Serology (2)] |
Hirschsprung’s disease, HIV |
|
Acinetobacter baumanii (1) [Sputum PCR] |
Community-acquired Pneumonia |
|
Ascaris lumbricoides (1) [Microscopy] |
Typhoid Fever |
|
Enterococcus avium (1) [Pus culture] |
Diabetic Ulcer |
|
Escherichia coli (1) [Urine culture] |
UTI |
| HIV (1) [PCR] |
Sepsis |
|
Leptospira spp. (1) [PCR] |
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever I |
|
Moraxella catarrhalis and Influenza B (1) [Sputum culture and sputum PCR] |
Community-acquired Pneumonia |
| RSV (1) [Serology] |
TB Pleuritis |
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae (1) [Sputum PCR] |
Community-acquired Pneumonia |
| Unknown (41) [None] |
HIV (6), Sepsis (6), Community-acquired Pneumonia (9), Cellulitis (2), Cholangitis (2), Lung Abscess, Acute Leukemia, Bacterial Meningitis, Bronchitis, Cholecystitis, Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia, COPD, Diarrhea, Extrapulmonary TB, GEA, Hepatitis B, Pancytopenia, SLE, Typhoid Fever, UTI, Unknown |
