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. 2022 Sep 4;23(17):10146. doi: 10.3390/ijms231710146

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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DAPA treatment suppresses the production of Dox-induced inflammatory mediators. Representative Western blot images (A) and densitometric analysis of phospho-p38 (B) and NF-κB p65 (C) in Dox-stimulated H9c2 cells with various concentrations of DAPA treatment were shown. NF-κB p65 activation (D) and IL-8 production (E) in Dox-treated H9c2 cells with various concentrations of DAPA treatment were examined by ELISA assay. LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) and si-Nrf2 were used in some experiments. The finding of NF-κB p65 activation (F) and IL-8 production (G) were conducted in primary cardiomyocytes. Results are shown as means ± SD of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with a Bonferroni post hoc test. [* p < 0.05 compared to the control group; # p < 0.05 compared to the Dox-only group; & p < 0.05 compared to Dox + DAPA group].