a	inner radius
b	outer radius
h	half-length
p	dimensionless inner pressure
q	dimensionless axial punch force
(r, θ, z)	cylindrical coordinates
s	dimensionless parameter introduced in Equation (23)
sr, sθ, sz	deviatoric stress components
t	time
ur	radial velocity
uz	axial velocity
H	wall thickness
P	inner pressure
R	Lagrangian coordinate
Q	axial punch force
U	speed of expansion
V	speed of elongation
α	dimensionless inner radius
δ	wall thinning
εeq	equivalent strain
εr, εθ, εz	strain components
η	function of the polar radius introduced in Equation (23)
ξeq	equivalent strain rate
ξr, ξθ, ξz	strain rate components
ρ	dimensionless radius
σ	hydrostatic stress
σeq	equivalent stress
σr, σθ, σz	stress components
ω	dimensionless axial feeding