Table 2.
Characteristics of the athletes (entire cohort) and their associations with periodontal health (PBI and PSI).
| Association to PBI | Association to PSI | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PBI < 0.42 | PBI ≥ 0.42 | p-Value | PSI < 3 | PSI ≥ 3 | p-Value | |||||||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |||||||
| n | 40 | 47.1 | 45 | 52.9 | 53 | 62.4 | 32 | 37.6 | ||||||
| Female gender | 25 | 62.5 | 18 | 40.0 | 0.05 | 28 | 15 | |||||||
| mean | ± | SD | mean | ± | SD | p-Value | mean | ± | SD | mean | ± | SD | p-Value | |
| Age (years) | 21.0 | ± | 3.0 | 22.0 | ± | 3.8 | 0.35 | 21.4 | ± | 3.2 | 21.6 | ± | 3.9 | 0.81 |
| Training sessions per week | 10.4 | ± | 3.2 | 9.2 | ± | 2.4 | 0.15 | 9.9 | ± | 2.7 | 9.5 | ± | 3.1 | 0.51 |
| Training time (h) per week | 16.8 | ± | 4.0 | 17.7 | ± | 5.4 | 0.58 | 17.4 | ± | 5.1 | 17.1 | ± | 4.3 | 0.99 |
| Training history (years) | 6.7 | ± | 3.0 | 7.6 | ± | 2.9 | 0.12 | 6.9 | ± | 2.8 | 7.7 | ± | 3.1 | 0.23 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.9 | ± | 2.0 | 20.5 | ± | 2.1 | 0.36 | 20.3 | ± | 2.0 | 21.5 | ± | 2.0 | 0.01 |
| Body weight (kg) | 65.9 | ± | 10.5 | 66.0 | ± | 10.5 | 0.99 | 64.5 | ± | 10.2 | 68.3 | ± | 10.6 | 0.11 |
| Body height (cm) | 176.8 | ± | 9.4 | 178.6 | ± | 9.9 | 0.35 | 177.8 | ± | 9.7 | 177.6 | ± | 9.6 | 0.96 |
| RHR (bpm) | 48.5 | ± | 8.4 | 49.3 | ± | 8.1 | 0.59 | 47.9 | ± | 6.7 | 50.7 | ± | 10.1 | 0.25 |
| BFP (by impedance) (%) | 9.5 | ± | 3.7 | 7.9 | ± | 3.1 | 0.07 | 8.1 | ± | 3.7 | 9.6 | ± | 2.8 | 0.01 |
| BFP (by skin folds) (%) | 14.4 | ± | 4.8 | 11.9 | ± | 4.3 | 0.02 | 12.4 | ± | 4.9 | 14.3 | ± | 4.2 | 0.05 |
| LBM (%) | 56.4 | ± | 9.0 | 58.0 | ± | 9.3 | 0.43 | 56.4 | ± | 8.5 | 58.7 | ± | 10.1 | 0.37 |
| VO2max (mL/min/kg) | 56.9 | ± | 6.3 | 59.0 | ± | 7.5 | 0.44 | 59.3 | ± | 7.0 | 55.9 | ± | 6.7 | 0.03 |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index, RHR: resting heart rate; BFP: body fat percentage; LBM: lean body mass; n: number of participants; PBI: Papillary Bleeding Index; PSI: Periodontal Screening Index with PSI ≥ 3 indicating increased probing depths as a sign of probable periodontitis; VO2max: maximal aerobic capacity. Bold marks significant differences (p < 0.05).