. 2022 Aug 30;11(17):5100. doi: 10.3390/jcm11175100

Table A2.

List of combined variables for which there were multiple measurements per study.

Study	Outcome	Scale	Hedges’ g	SE	Hedges’ g Combined	Variance Combined	Correlation	SE Combined
Brian et al. (2017) [28]	Expressive	MSEL	−0.2625	0.2553	−0.1850	0.0487	0.5	0.2207
	Expressive	PLS-4	−0.1074	0.2543	−0.1850	0.0487	0.5	0.2207
	Receptive	MSEL	−0.1281	0.2544	−0.0261	0.0485	0.5	0.2202
	Receptive	PLS-4	0.0758	0.2542	−0.0261	0.0485	0.5	0.2202
Drew et al. (2002) [32]	Expressive	MCDI words	0.5768	0.1736	0.5904	0.13046	0.5	0.3612
Drew et al. (2002) [32]	Expressive	MCDI gestures	0.604	0.1743	0.5904	0.13046	0.5	0.3612
Gengoux et al. (2019) [34]	Expressive	CDI 396	0.9460	0.3223	0.5209	0.0493	0.5	0.2222
	Expressive	CDI 680	0.8077	0.3179
	Expressive	VABS	0.6769	0.3143
	Expressive	PLS-5	0.1741	0.3063
	Expressive	MSEL	0.4673	0.3099
Green et al. (2010) [35]	Expressive	PLS	0.0000	0.1622	0.0182	0.0197	0.5	0.1405
	Expressive	MCDI	0.0546	0.1623	0.0182	0.0197	0.5	0.1405
	Receptive	PLS	0.0925	0.1623	−0.0303	0.0255	0.5	0.1598
	Receptive	MCDI	0.1884	0.1626	−0.0303	0.0255	0.5	0.1598
Green et al. (2022) [36]	Expressive	PLS	0.0247	0.1991	−0.0383	0.0222	0.5	0.1491
	Expressive	MCDI	0.0476	0.2224	−0.0383	0.0222	0.5	0.1491
	Receptive	PLS	−0.1013	0.1438	−0.0303	0.0255	0.5	0.1598
	Receptive	MCDI	−0.1082	0.1439	−0.0303	0.0255	0.5	0.1598
Hardan et al. (2015) [38]	Expressive	CDI	−0.3480	0.2946	0.1094	0.0348	0.5	0.1865
	Expressive	CDI	0.2629	0.2936
	Expressive	PLS	0.0711	0.2924
	Expressive	VABS	0.4518	0.2961
Kaale et al. (2014) [39]	Communication	SCQ parents	−0.1257	0.2580	0.0540	0.0501	0.5	0.2237
	Communication	SCQ teachers	0.2336	0.2586	0.0540	0.0501	0.5	0.2237
	Socialization	SCQ parents	0.1916	0.2584	0.2258	0.0502	0.5	0.2230
	Socialization	SCQ teachers	0.2601	0.2588	0.2258	0.0502	0.5	0.2230
Oosterling et al. (2010) [42]	Expressive	MCDI words	0.1202	0.2486	0.0466	0.0471	0.5	0.2171
Oosterling et al. (2010) [42]	Expressive	MCDI gestures	−0.0260	0.2528	0.0466	0.0471	0.5	0.2171
Rogers et al. (2012) [48]	Receptive	MCDI	−0.1874	0.2025	−0.2108	0.0308	0.5	0.1755
Rogers et al. (2012) [48]	Receptive	MCDI phrases	−0.2343	0.2027	−0.2108	0.0308	0.5	0.1755
Solomon et al. (2014) [53]	Receptive	MSEL	0.1701	0.2016	0.1190	0.0172	0.5	0.1311
	Receptive	MCDI	0.1181	0.1769
	Receptive	MCDI words	0.0713	0.1768
	Expressive	MSEL	0.1559	0.2016	0.0035	0.0289	0.5	0.17
	Expressive	MCDI gestures	−0.2054	0.1772
	Expressive	MCDI sentences	0.0598	0.3286
Vernon et al. (2019) [58]	Expressive	MSEL	0.5418	0.4250	0.6706	0.1383	0.5	0.3718
	Expressive	PLS-5	0.7993	0.4337	0.6706	0.1383	0.5	0.3718
	Receptive	MSEL	1.0305	0.4442	0.8563	0.1431	0.5	0.3783
	Receptive	PLS-5	0.6820	0.4294	0.8563	0.1431	0.5	0.3783
Welterlin et al. (2012) [59]	Expressive	MSEL	−0.1517	0.4479	0.0590	0.1510	0.5	0.3886
	Expressive	SIB	0.2698	0.4494	0.0590	0.1510	0.5	0.3886
	Receptive	MSEL	0.0939	0.4475	0.1579	0.1506	0.5	0.3881
	Receptive	SIB	0.2218	0.4487	0.1579	0.1506	0.5	0.3881

VABS indicates Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale. MSEL indicates Mullen Scales of Early Learning. PLS-4 indicates Preschool Language scale. SCQ indicates Social Communication Questionnaire. SIB indicates Scales of Independent Behaviour scale.