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. 2022 Aug 31;27(17):5598. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175598

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Area percentage values with statistical analysis regarding the expression of COX-2 (A), IL-1β (B), TNF-α (C), IL-6 (D), and PCNA (E) on immunohistochemical investigations of gastric mucosa in different groups. COX-2: Cyclooxygenase-2; IL-1β: Interleukin-1beta; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: Interleukin-6; PCNA: Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen. A high area percentage of expression values is noticed in the IND group (ulcer group). Prophylactic (EGb 761+IND) and therapeutic EGb 761 (IND+EGb 761) were associated with a dramatically low area percentage of expression. IL-1β, IL-6, and PCNA expressions were lower in therapeutic EGb 761 group when compared to prophylactic EGb 761. a: significant difference from control animals; b: significant difference from ulcer group; c: significant difference from prophylactic EGb 761 group.