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. 2022 Sep 8;12:15058. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18324-3

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Propranolol in combination with low-dose metronomic cisplatin inhibits osteosarcoma tumor growth without overt signs of toxicity. (a) Experimental design used to evaluate in vivo effects of propranolol (PPN, 10 mg/kg i.p.) plus cisplatin (CDDP, 2 mg/kg i.p.) on tumor progression of MG-63 xenografts growing in athymic mice (Top). Curves represent mean tumor volumes of mice receiving saline vehicle (control), PPN, CDDP or PPN plus CDDP over time (bottom). 5 animals per experimental group. (b) Aggressiveness of osteosarcoma (OSA) xenografts was additionally assessed by calculating tumor growth rates between days 3 and 27 of protocol. (c) Final tumor burden was evaluated by weighing resected OSA primary lesions after necropsy. (d) Body weight of animals bearing MG-63 xenografts belonging to different experimental groups throughout the protocol. (e) Representative photographs of nude mice bearing OSA xenografts belonging to different experimental groups at day 30 are shown. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001. ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test.