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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Sch Health. 2022 Mar 9:10.1111/josh.13157. doi: 10.1111/josh.13157

Table 4.

Adjusted Odds of Each Outcome for Children Residing in States with a Recess Law Compared to Those Living in a State Without a Recess Law (Referent Group) for the Cross-Sectional Analysis in 2018 and the Difference-in-differences Models from 2003 to 2011/2012.

OR (95% Confidence Interval)
2018 2003 to 2011/2012
Physically Active Every Day 2.82 (1.23, 6.47) 1.06 (0.90, 1.26)
Optimal Health 1.38 (0.31, 6.23) 0.90 (0.72, 1.12)
No School Absences 1.61 (0.61, 4.26) 0.90 (0.73, 1.11)
No Contacts due to School-Related Problems 1.74 (0.72, 4.22) 0.86 (0.72, 1.03)
No Difficulty Making or Keeping Friends 2.88 (1.15, 7.21) Not available

OR: Odds Ratio; 2018 odds ratios are adjusted for state, length of recess policy, physical education policy, free and reduced lunch, race, and age; 2003 to 2011/2012 odds ratios are adjusted for year, state, length of recess policy, physical education policy, free and reduced lunch, race, and age