TABLE 1.
Descriptive statistics, variance, and heritability estimates of grain yield and component traits in GWAS panel evaluated at Dharwad, IARI Delhi, IARI Jharkhand, Karnal, and Ludhiana during 2020–2021.
| Trait | Env. | Mean ± SD | Range | CV (%) | LSD | h 2 BS | GV | EV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DH | E1 | 59.2 ± 3.8 | 50.4–72.2 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 85.2 | 11.9 | 2.1 |
| E2 | 95.8 ± 5.6 | 81.6–116.4 | 1.5 | 4.0 | 93.5 | 29.2 | 2.0 | |
| E3 | 85.7 ± 4.8 | 69.8–98.8 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 97.2 | 23.1 | 0.7 | |
| E4 | 94.7 ± 5.2 | 81.6–116.6 | 1.9 | 5.0 | 88.2 | 23.7 | 3.2 | |
| GFD | E1 | 45.0 ± 0.1 | 31.3–49.1 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 65.1 | 15.3 | 6.0 |
| E2 | 44.9 ± 0.1 | 26.9–51.9 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 60.5 | 13.5 | 4.8 | |
| E3 | 31.6 ± 0.3 | 19.6–46.3 | 11.1 | 9.8 | 50.5 | 12.4 | 12.1 | |
| E4 | 42.7 ± 0.3 | 28.3–55.3 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 70.9 | 13.7 | 5.6 | |
| GNPS | E1 | 52.3 ± 8.6 | 24.2–80.1 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 96.7 | 161.9 | 5.5 |
| E3 | 43.9 ± 12.9 | 11.6–79.4 | 4.1 | 6.0 | 93.9 | 70.6 | 4.6 | |
| GWPS | E1 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 0.4–3.5 | 8.7 | 0.5 | 91.6 | 0.4 | 0.03 |
| E2 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 0.2–3.9 | 10.8 | 0.6 | 88.3 | 0.3 | 0.04 | |
| E3 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 1.2–3.3 | 8.7 | 0.6 | 61.8 | 0.1 | 0.04 | |
| E4 | 2.9 ± 0.5 | 1.5–4.6 | 8.9 | 0.8 | 73.4 | 0.2 | 0.07 | |
| E5 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 0.4–3.71 | 8.3 | 0.5 | 95.4 | 0.6 | 0.03 | |
| PH | E1 | 72.9 ± 6.9 | 57.6–94.1 | 2.5 | 5.2 | 92.9 | 44.9 | 3.4 |
| E2 | 102.2 ± 7.4 | 82.0–134.8 | 2.2 | 6.5 | 90.6 | 50.4 | 5.2 | |
| E3 | 96.2 ± 7.6 | 77.5–115.8 | 2.2 | 5.9 | 91.5 | 46.4 | 4.3 | |
| E4 | 110.8 ± 6.9 | 94.8–134.5 | 2.2 | 6.7 | 88.2 | 42.2 | 5.7 | |
| E5 | 103.9 ± 5.9 | 81.3–120.1 | 2.5 | 7.2 | 80.6 | 27.0 | 6.5 | |
| GY | E1 | 312.7 ± 100.7 | 143.3–611.8 | 6.12 | 54.1 | 96.4 | 9835.2 | 366.1 |
| E2 | 466.8 ± 88.9 | 232.6–689.3 | 4.16 | 55.1 | 95.1 | 7348.2 | 379.6 | |
| E3 | 256.3 ± 39.3 | 133.8–372.8 | 4.67 | 34.0 | 89.2 | 1199.6 | 144.9 | |
| E4 | 556.9 ± 90.5 | 297.8–752.3 | 6.85 | 108.1 | 79.7 | 5746.2 | 1461.0 | |
| E5 | 532.9 ± 82.8 | 243.2–734.2 | 5.1 | 77.2 | 88.9 | 5932.8 | 744.6 |
DH: days to heading (days); GFD: grain filling duration (days); GNPS: grain number per spike (number); GWPS: grain weight per spike (gm); PH: plant height (cm); GY: grain yield (gm). E1: Dharwad; E2: IARI, Delhi; E3: IARI, Jharkhand; E4: Karnal; E5: Ludhiana; SD: standard deviation; CV: coefficient of variation; h 2 BS: broad sense heritability; GV: genotypic variation; EV: environmental variation.