Table 1.
The effects of nutrients on the gut microbiota and depression.
| Nutrients | Microbiota Genus | Change with supplementation | Increase or decrease in depressive patients | Overall effect on depression |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin D | Akkermansia | Inhibit | Increase | Ameliorate |
| Bifidobacteria | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate | |
| Coprococcus | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate | |
| Erysipelotrichaceae | Decrease | Increase | Ameliorate | |
| Lactococcus | Enhance | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Porphyromonas | Decrease | Increase | Ameliorate | |
| Ruminococcus | Decrease | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Veillonella | Decrease | Increase | Ameliorate | |
| ω-3 PUFA | Bifidobacterium | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate |
| Lactobacillus | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate | |
| Roseburia | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate | |
| Fiber (FOS, GOS) | Anaerostipes | Inhibit | Increase | Ameliorate |
| Bifidobacterium | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate | |
| Cyanobacteria | Enhance | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Lactobacillus | Enhance | Decrease | Ameliorate | |
| Oscillibacter | Inhibit | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Proteobacteria | Inhibit | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Ruminococcus | Inhibit | Unknown | Unknown | |
| Iron | Bifidobacteria | Inhibit | Decrease | Promote |
| Lactobacillus | Inhibit | Decrease | Promote |